Imaging features of rhinocerebral mucormycosis: from onset to vascular complications

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis (RCM) may result in severe intracranial ischemic and hemorrhagic lesions. Both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) play an essential role in the diagnosis of RCM, but whereas CT is better for assessing bone erosion, MRI is superior in evaluating s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Acta Radiologica 2022-02, Vol.63 (2), p.232-244
Main Authors: Mazzai, Linda, Anglani, Mariagiulia, Giraudo, Chiara, Martucci, Matia, Cester, Giacomo, Causin, Francesco
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Brain Diseases - complications
Brain Diseases - diagnostic imaging
Brain Diseases - parasitology
Brain Ischemia - etiology
Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis - etiology
Cerebral Hemorrhage - etiology
Diagnosis, Differential
Humans
Intracranial Aneurysm - etiology
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Mucormycosis - complications
Mucormycosis - diagnostic imaging
Neuroimaging
Orbital Diseases - complications
Orbital Diseases - diagnostic imaging
Orbital Diseases - parasitology
Sinusitis - complications
Sinusitis - diagnostic imaging
Sinusitis - parasitology
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Summary:Rhinocerebral mucormycosis (RCM) may result in severe intracranial ischemic and hemorrhagic lesions. Both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) play an essential role in the diagnosis of RCM, but whereas CT is better for assessing bone erosion, MRI is superior in evaluating soft tissue, intraorbital extension, and in assessing intracranial and vascular invasion. Specific CT and MRI techniques, such as CT angiography or enhanced MR angiography, and more advanced MRI sequences such as gadolinium-3D Black Blood imaging, contribute to the assessment of the extension of vascular invasion. In this pictorial review, we describe specific CT and MRI signs of RCM, mainly focusing on its life-threatening complications due to vascular involvement.
ISSN:0284-1851
1600-0455
DOI:10.1177/0284185120988828