Biodiversity, Bioactivity, and Metabolites of High Desert Derived Oregonian Soil Bacteria

From arid, high desert soil samples collected near Bend, Oregon, 19 unique bacteria were isolated. Each strain was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and their organic extracts were tested for antibacterial and antiproliferative activities. Noteworthy, six extracts (30 %) exhibited strong inhib...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemistry & biodiversity 2021-04, Vol.18 (4), p.e2100046-n/a
Main Authors: Zhu, Chenxi, Lew, Cassandra I., Neuhaus, George F., Adpressa, Donovon A., Zakharov, Lev N., Kaweesa, Elizabeth N., Plitzko, Birte, Loesgen, Sandra
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
actinomyces
antibiotics
Aridity
Bacteria
Biodiversity
Biological activity
Cell proliferation
Chloramphenicol
Chloromycetin
Cytotoxicity
Desert soils
Deserts
Fractionation
Gene sequencing
Metabolites
Model testing
Natural products
Oligomycin
Oligomycin A
Organic soils
Principal components analysis
rRNA 16S
Sandy soils
Soil bacteria
Soil microorganisms
Tunicamycin
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Summary:From arid, high desert soil samples collected near Bend, Oregon, 19 unique bacteria were isolated. Each strain was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and their organic extracts were tested for antibacterial and antiproliferative activities. Noteworthy, six extracts (30 %) exhibited strong inhibition resulting in less than 50 % cell proliferation in more than one cancer cell model, tested at 10 μg/mL. Principal component analysis (PCA) of LC/MS data revealed drastic differences in the metabolic profiles found in the organic extracts of these soil bacteria. In total, fourteen potent antibacterial and/or cytotoxic metabolites were isolated via bioactivity‐guided fractionation, including two new natural products: a pyrazinone containing tetrapeptide and 7‐methoxy‐2,3‐dimethyl‐4H‐chromen‐4‐one, as well as twelve known compounds: furanonaphthoquinone I, bafilomycin C1 and D, FD‐594, oligomycin A, chloramphenicol, MY12‐62A, rac‐sclerone, isosclerone, tunicamycin VII, tunicamycin VIII, and (6S,16S)‐anthrabenzoxocinone 1.264‐C.
ISSN:1612-1872
1612-1880
DOI:10.1002/cbdv.202100046