Comprehensive insights into synthetic nitrogen fixation assisted by molecular catalysts under ambient or mild conditions

N 2 is fixed as NH 3 industrially by the Haber-Bosch process under harsh conditions, whereas biological nitrogen fixation is achieved under ambient conditions, which has prompted development of alternative methods to fix N 2 catalyzed by transition metal molecular complexes. Since the early 21st cen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemical Society reviews 2021-04, Vol.5 (8), p.521-5242
Main Authors: Tanabe, Yoshiaki, Nishibayashi, Yoshiaki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ammonia
Catalysts
Catalytic converters
Coordination compounds
Haber Bosch process
Nitrogen
Nitrogenation
Transition metals
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Summary:N 2 is fixed as NH 3 industrially by the Haber-Bosch process under harsh conditions, whereas biological nitrogen fixation is achieved under ambient conditions, which has prompted development of alternative methods to fix N 2 catalyzed by transition metal molecular complexes. Since the early 21st century, catalytic conversion of N 2 into NH 3 under ambient conditions has been achieved by using molecular catalysts, and now H 2 O has been utilized as a proton source with turnover frequencies reaching the values found for biological nitrogen fixation. In this review, recent advances in the development of molecular catalysts for synthetic N 2 fixation under ambient or mild conditions are summarized, and potential directions for future research are also discussed. N 2 is fixed as NH 3 industrially by the Haber-Bosch process under harsh conditions, whereas biological nitrogen fixation is achieved under ambient conditions, which has prompted development of alternative methods to fix N 2 catalyzed by transition metal molecular complexes.
ISSN:0306-0012
1460-4744
DOI:10.1039/d0cs01341b