Cultural Differences in the Intended Use of Long-Term Care Services in the United States: The Role of Family Ties

• Published in: The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2022-01, Vol.77 (1), p.201-211
• Main Authors: Diederich, Freya, König, Hans-Helmut, Brettschneider, Christian
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acculturation; Aged; Aging - ethnology; Caregivers; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Cultural Diversity; Emigrants and Immigrants; Family Relations - ethnology; Health Surveys; Homes for the Aged; Humans; Long-Term Care; Nursing Homes; United States - ethnology
• ISSN: 1079-5014; 1758-5368
• DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab035

Abstract Objectives In the light of an increasingly diverse older population in the United States, there is an ongoing discussion on how cultural factors contribute to individual long-term care (LTC) needs and service use. This study empirically assesses whether the level of acculturation and cultural differences in the importance of the family shape foreign-born immigrants’ intention to use certain LTC services. Methods We correlated immigrants’ intention to use certain LTC services to the cultural strength of family ties that prevails in their region of origin. We used data from the National Health Interview Survey and the World Values Survey/European Values Study for analysis. Multinomial logit models were estimated and predisposing, enabling, and need factors were controlled for. Estimations were weighted to account for the sampling structure, and sensitivity analyses were conducted. Results Immigrants from cultures with stronger family ties are significantly more likely to intend the use of LTC options that include the family. Furthermore, immigrants are less likely to intend the use of exclusively family care when having lived in the United States for a longer time. Discussion We conclude that cultural differences in family ties shape immigrants’ intention to use certain LTC services. If policymakers aim at increasing the provision of specific LTC services or support to family caregivers, there should be a careful evaluation of demand-side factors in an increasingly culturally diverse society.