The prevalence of malocclusion is higher in schoolchildren with signs of hyperactivity

Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder is a behavioral disorder characterized by a lack of focus, impulsive behavior, and or excessive activity. This research aimed to evaluate the association between signs of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and malocclusion in schoolchildren. A cross-sec...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics 2021-05, Vol.159 (5), p.653-659
Main Authors: Mota-Veloso, Isabella, Ramos-Jorge, Joana, Freitas, Laíze Rosa Pires, Ferreira, Fernanda Oliveira, Ramos-Jorge, Maria Letícia, Paiva, Saul Martins, Soares, Rodrigo Villamarim
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - epidemiology
Brazil - epidemiology
Child
Cross-Sectional Studies
Dentistry
Humans
Malocclusion - epidemiology
Pacifiers
Prevalence
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Summary:Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder is a behavioral disorder characterized by a lack of focus, impulsive behavior, and or excessive activity. This research aimed to evaluate the association between signs of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and malocclusion in schoolchildren. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 633 children aged 7-12 years. The children were clinically examined for malocclusion using the Dental Aesthetic Index. The predominant breathing pattern was also determined. Parents answered a questionnaire addressing socioeconomic characteristics and the presence of nonnutritive sucking habits. The Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Scale–IV was filled out by both parents and teachers to compare behavioral patterns. The children were submitted to a neuropsychological evaluation using the Raven's Colored Progressive Matrix Test. Data analysis involved the chi-square test and Poisson regression analysis. The prevalence of malocclusion was 42% higher among children with signs of hyperactivity reported by both parents and teachers (prevalence ratio [PR], 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-1.81; P = 0.004). In the final Poisson regression model, the prevalence of malocclusion was lower among schoolchildren aged 11 and 12 years (PR, 0.62; 95% CI. 0.52-0.73; P 
ISSN:0889-5406
1097-6752
DOI:10.1016/j.ajodo.2019.11.027