Determinants of material footprint in BRICS countries: an empirical analysis

This paper explores the relationship between renewable energy consumption, urbanization, human capital, trade, natural resources, and material footprint for BRICS countries from 1990 to 2016. We apply the cross-sectional dependency test to check the correlation among the cross-section. Then, we use...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental science and pollution research international 2021-07, Vol.28 (28), p.37689-37704
Main Authors: Sahoo, Malayaranjan, Saini, Seema, Villanthenkodath, Muhammed Ashiq
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aquatic Pollution
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Carbon Dioxide
Cross-Sectional Studies
Cross-sections
Earth and Environmental Science
Economic Development
Economic growth
Ecotoxicology
Empirical analysis
Energy consumption
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental degradation
Environmental Health
Environmental quality
Environmental science
Human capital
Humans
International trade
Natural resources
Renewable Energy
Renewable resources
Research Article
Sustainable development
Time series
Urbanization
Waste Water Technology
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
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Summary:This paper explores the relationship between renewable energy consumption, urbanization, human capital, trade, natural resources, and material footprint for BRICS countries from 1990 to 2016. We apply the cross-sectional dependency test to check the correlation among the cross-section. Then, we use the second-generation panel test like CADF and CIPS to check the stationary in the series. After that, we go for the panel cointegration test, i.e., Pedroni and Westerlund panel cointegration, to know the long-run relationship of the variables. The test results reject the null hypothesis of no cointegration among the variables and accept cointegration. The long-run results indicate that economic growth, natural resources, renewable energy, and urbanization have reduced the environmental quality for BRICS countries in case of material footprint employed to measure environmental degradation. However, foreign trade and human capital improve environmental quality. Based on the empirical results, the study recommended some important policy suggestions to achieve sustainable development in BRICS countries.
ISSN:0944-1344
1614-7499
DOI:10.1007/s11356-021-13309-7