HTLV‐1 oncovirus‐host interactions: From entry to the manifestation of associated diseases

Summary Human T lymphotropic virus type‐1 (HTLV‐1) is a well‐known human oncovirus, associated with two life‐threatening diseases, adult T cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV‐1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). The study of this oncogenic virus is significant from two...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Reviews in medical virology 2021-11, Vol.31 (6), p.e2235-n/a
Main Authors: Ahmadi Ghezeldasht, Sanaz, Shamsian, Seyed Ali Akbar, Gholizadeh Navashenaq, Jamshid, Miri, Raheleh, Ashrafi, Fereshteh, Mosavat, Arman, Rezaee, Seyed Abdolrahim
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
adult T‐cell leukaemia/lymphoma
Autoimmune diseases
Central nervous system diseases
Hereditary spastic paraplegia
Host Microbial Interactions
HTLV‐1‐associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP)
human T lymphotropic virus type‐1
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1
Humans
Immune system
immunological synapse
Infectivity
Lymphocytes T
Lymphoma
Public Health
Spasticity
Spinal cord
Synapses
Tropical spastic paraparesis
Tumor viruses
Virions
virus‐host molecular interactions
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Summary:Summary Human T lymphotropic virus type‐1 (HTLV‐1) is a well‐known human oncovirus, associated with two life‐threatening diseases, adult T cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV‐1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). The study of this oncogenic virus is significant from two different aspects. First, HTLV‐1 can be considered as a neglected public health problem, which may spread slowly worldwide. Second, the incidence of HTLV‐1 associated diseases due to oncogenic effects and deterioration of the immune system towards autoimmune diseases are not fully understood. Furthermore, knowledge about viral routes of transmission is important for considering potential interventions, treatments or vaccines in endemic regions. In this review, novel characteristics of HTLV‐1, such as the unusual infectivity of virions through the virological synapse, are discussed in the context of the HTLV‐1 associated diseases (ATL and HAM/TSP).
ISSN:1052-9276
1099-1654
DOI:10.1002/rmv.2235