MOG antibody‐positive cerebral cortical encephalitis: Two case reports and literature review

• Published in: International journal of developmental neuroscience 2021-06, Vol.81 (4), p.342-351
• Main Authors: Tian, Fei, Liu, Xuejun, Yang, Chengqing, Wang, Bingbing, Song, Zhenfeng, Zhang, Ying
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: autoimmune; MOG antibody‐positive cerebral cortical encephalitis; myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)
• ISSN: 0736-5748; 1873-474X
• DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10106

Objective To investigate the clinical and MRI features of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody‐positive cerebral cortical encephalitis. Methods To summarize the clinical manifestations, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features, and diagnosis and treatment of two children diagnosed with MOG antibody‐positive cortical encephalitis in our hospital, and to analyze all of the literature on MOG antibody‐positive associated cerebral cortical encephalitis published in the last 10 years. Results A total of 24 patients, 20 adults, and 4 children were included. The main symptoms of all observed patients were as follows: seizures 20/24 (83%), headache 18/24 (75%), fever 13/24 (54%), and increased cell number in cerebrospinal fluid 22/24 (92%). The main radiological sign was enhanced FLAIR signal in cortical 24/24 (100%), including enhanced fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) signal in unilateral cortical 20/24 (83%). Conclusions The clinical manifestations of MOG antibody‐positive cerebral cortical encephalitis are complex and varied, and long‐term follow‐up is needed to clarify the prognosis and recurrence, providing reference for the clinical treatment. To investigate the clinical and MRI features of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody‐positive cerebral cortical encephalitis. To summarize the clinical manifestations, MRI features, and diagnosis and treatment of two children diagnosed with MOG antibody‐positive cortical encephalitis in our hospital, and to analyze all of the literature on MOG antibody‐positive associated cerebral cortical encephalitis published in the last 10 years.