The emerging norms of e-cigarette use among adolescents: A meta-ethnography of qualitative evidence

•Synthesis of 13 qualitative studies on adolescent e-cigarette use from 2013–2019.•We identified a spectrum of descriptive and injunctive norms of vaping.•Injunctive norms were held by different groups that approved or disapproved of vaping.•The norms were fluid, diverse and sometimes contradictory....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The International journal of drug policy 2021-08, Vol.94, p.103227-103227, Article 103227
Main Authors: Smith, Hannah, Lucherini, Mark, Amos, Amanda, Hill, Sarah
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Addictions
Adolescent
Adolescents
Adult
Adults
Anthropology, Cultural
Cigarettes
Data collection
Drug policy
E-cigarettes
Electronic cigarettes
Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems
Ethnography
Humans
Motivation
Norms
Parents
Parents & parenting
Peer Group
Perceptions
Policy making
Qualitative research
Smoking
Social norms
Systematic review
Teenagers
Vaping
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Summary:•Synthesis of 13 qualitative studies on adolescent e-cigarette use from 2013–2019.•We identified a spectrum of descriptive and injunctive norms of vaping.•Injunctive norms were held by different groups that approved or disapproved of vaping.•The norms were fluid, diverse and sometimes contradictory. While qualitative research has indicated that adolescents’ motivation for e-cigarette use is different than adults’, this body of literature has not yet been brought together and synthesised. We reviewed qualitative evidence on perceptions and uses of e-cigarettes in order to explore the emerging norms of vaping among adolescents. We searched five databases for qualitative research in October 2019 with no restrictions on date of publication or data collection. We identified fifteen papers from thirteen studies. Using a meta-ethnographic approach, we identified a spectrum of descriptive and injunctive norms of vaping across the themes of addiction; perceptions of comparative harm; parental perceptions and peer perceptions. We found addiction and perceptions of comparative harm to reflect descriptive norms, while we found clearer evidence explaining the use and non-use of e-cigarettes through parental and peer approval of vaping. However, these norms were fluid, diverse and sometimes contradictory. This review provides a resource for researchers, policymakers and practitioners to better understand the ways that emerging norms could be influenced through policy and practice.
ISSN:0955-3959
1873-4758
DOI:10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103227