Mortality in the Americas from 2013 to 2015 resulting from diseases, conditions and injuries which are 100% alcohol‐attributable

• Published in: Addiction (Abingdon, England) England), 2021-10, Vol.116 (10), p.2685-2696
• Main Authors: Chrystoja, Bethany R., Monteiro, Maristela G., Owe, Glory, Gawryszewski, Vilma Pinheiro, Rehm, Jürgen, Shield, Kevin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age; Alcohol; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol related mortality; Alcohol use; Alcoholism; alcohol‐induced disorders; death rate; heavy episodic drinking; inequity; Liver diseases; Mental disorders; Mortality; Mortality rates; Population studies
• ISSN: 0965-2140; 1360-0443
• DOI: 10.1111/add.15475

Aims To describe mortality in the Americas from 2013 to 2015 inclusive resulting from diseases, conditions and injuries which are 100% attributable to alcohol consumption. Design and setting Mortality registry, population‐based study. The data come from 30 of the 35 countries of the Americas for the triennium of 2013 to 2015. Participants and cases A total of 18 673 791 deaths coded by three‐digit ICD‐10 codes were analyzed. Measurements Cause (underlying), and age‐specific and age‐adjusted mortality rates were calculated by sex and country. Findings From 2013 to 2015 inclusive, among 30 of the 35 countries of the Americas, an average of 85 032 deaths per year were entirely attributable to alcohol. Men accounted for 83.1% of all 100% alcohol‐attributable deaths, and death rates were higher for men than for women across all countries; however, the ratios of 100% alcohol‐attributable deaths by sex varied by country. The majority of all 100% alcohol‐attributable deaths occurred among those aged under 60 years (64.9%) and were due to liver disease (63.9%) followed by neuropsychiatric disorders (27.4%). Age‐adjusted 100% alcohol‐attributable mortality rates were highest in Nicaragua (23.2 per 100 000) and Guatemala (19.0 per 100 000), although the majority of all 100% alcohol‐attributable deaths occurred in the United States 36.9%), Brazil (24.8%), and Mexico (18.4%). Conclusions From 2013 to 2015, more than 85 000 deaths in the Americas were 100% attributable to alcohol. Most of those occurred in people under 60 years and the highest mortality rates occurred in the United States, Brazil and Mexico.