Voice onset time and constriction duration in Warlpiri stops (Australia)

This paper presents a first detailed analysis of the Voice Onset Time (VOT) and Constriction Duration (CD) of stops /p t ʈ c k/ and flap /ɽ/ in the Indigenous Australian language Warlpiri as spoken in Lajamanu Community, in Australia’s Northern Territory. The results show that Warlpiri stops are rea...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Phonetica 2021-04, Vol.78 (2), p.113-140
Main Authors: Bundgaard-Nielsen, Rikke L., O’Shannessy, Carmel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Australian languages
constriction duration
Mixed languages
stop consonants
Stops
Voice onset time (VOT)
VOT
Warlpiri
Warlpiri language
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Summary:This paper presents a first detailed analysis of the Voice Onset Time (VOT) and Constriction Duration (CD) of stops /p t ʈ c k/ and flap /ɽ/ in the Indigenous Australian language Warlpiri as spoken in Lajamanu Community, in Australia’s Northern Territory. The results show that Warlpiri stops are realised as voiceless, long-lag stops word-initially, as well as word-medially, where /p t k/ are also characterised by CDs in excess of 100 ms. This is similar to what has been reported for Kriol, and for the emerging mixed language Light Warlpiri, also spoken in the community, and by some of the participants. The results indicate that Warlpiri does not obligatorily make a word-medial distinction between stops orthographically represented by ‘rt’ and ‘rd’, which have previously been argued to be realised as /ʈ/ and /ɽ/, respectively, at least in some varieties of Warlpiri. Finally, the results also suggest that the realisation of word-initial Warlpiri flap /ɽ/ is highly variable, potentially resulting in a near-merger with /ɻ/.
ISSN:0031-8388
1423-0321
DOI:10.1515/phon-2021-2001