vascular architecture of the fruit receptacle of red raspberry determined by 3D NMR microscopy and surface-rendering techniques

• Published in: The New phytologist 1994-09, Vol.128 (1), p.39-44
• Main Authors: Williamson, B, Goodman, B.A, Chudek, J.A, Hunter, G, Lohman, J.A.B
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Cardiovascular system; Cell physiology; Cells, cell elements: structure and function; Drupelets; fruits; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Imaging; Microscopy; NMR microscopy; Nuclear magnetic resonance; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Phloem; plant anatomy; Plant physiology and development; Plant tissues; plant vascular system; red raspberry; Root stele; Rubus idaeus; Rubus uiiieur; surface‐rendering; three‐dimensional reconstruction; vascular anatomy; Vascular tissues; Xylem
• ISSN: 0028-646X; 1469-8137
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1994.tb03983.x

The three-dimensional structure of the vascular system in the fruit receptacle of red raspberry was determined using NMR microscopy in combination with computer techniques which highlight the surfaces of specific tissue types. The surface-rendering technique is particularly valuable in situations where there are large differences in image characteristics between the tissue of interest and the rest of the specimen, and thus ideal for the delineation of the vascular tissue in the raspberry receptacle. This was shown to consist of a conical network of bundles with a spiral pattern of gaps; the carpellary traces emerged from the proximal end of each gap. The inner xylem and outer phloem tissues each appeared as a pair of fused columns in the surface-rendered images, and each carpellary trace had a separate supply from the xylem and phloem.