Loading…

Factors associated with fear of falling in hemodialysis patients

Purpose Fear of falling (FOF) has important clinical and psychological consequences. This study evaluated the factors associated with FOF in hemodialysis patients and compared with the FOF reported by age–gender matched individuals without chronic kidney disease. Methods This cross sectional study i...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:International urology and nephrology 2021-10, Vol.53 (10), p.2159-2166
Main Authors: da Silva de Jesus, Luciana Angélica, Pinheiro, Bruno Valle, Koufaki, Pelagia, Lucinda, Leda Marília Fonseca, Gravina, Emanuele Poliana Lawall, Barros, Fabrício Sciammarella, Garcia, Rodrigo Schinniger Assun, Oliveira, Cristino Carneiro, Reboredo, Maycon Moura
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-9d861413c68001f8c16db2878f6622e9f279b50f20277fd47ec70cd68a507e003
cites cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-9d861413c68001f8c16db2878f6622e9f279b50f20277fd47ec70cd68a507e003
container_end_page 2166
container_issue 10
container_start_page 2159
container_title International urology and nephrology
container_volume 53
creator da Silva de Jesus, Luciana Angélica
Pinheiro, Bruno Valle
Koufaki, Pelagia
Lucinda, Leda Marília Fonseca
Gravina, Emanuele Poliana Lawall
Barros, Fabrício Sciammarella
Garcia, Rodrigo Schinniger Assun
Oliveira, Cristino Carneiro
Reboredo, Maycon Moura
description Purpose Fear of falling (FOF) has important clinical and psychological consequences. This study evaluated the factors associated with FOF in hemodialysis patients and compared with the FOF reported by age–gender matched individuals without chronic kidney disease. Methods This cross sectional study included hemodialysis group ( n  = 60, 55.4 ± 7.6 years, 55.0% male) and control group ( n  = 40, 55.1 ± 7.5 years, 52.5% male). FOF was assessed by the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I). Physical function was evaluated using the Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest), Timed Up and Go test, 4-m gait speed, isometric handgrip force and 10-repetition sit-to-stand test. The physical and mental components of quality of life was evaluated by 36-Item Short Form Health Survey. Results The FES-I score was higher in the hemodialysis group compared to the control group (28.2 ± 9.7 vs. 23.3 ± 5.1, p  = 0.020). In addition, the prevalence of individuals with a higher concern about falling was greater in the hemodialysis group (41.7 vs. 17.5%, p  = 0.033). Multiple linear regression showed that the FES-I score was associated with the Mini-BESTest score and the physical component summary of quality of life (coefficient of determination of 0.51 and an adjusted coefficient of determination of 0.46). Conclusion FOF was associated with poor postural balance and reduced physical component of quality of life in patients on hemodialysis and these patients showed higher FOF compared to individuals without chronic kidney disease.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s11255-021-02856-0
format article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2516222128</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2576142831</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-9d861413c68001f8c16db2878f6622e9f279b50f20277fd47ec70cd68a507e003</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kE9PwyAYh4nRuDn9Ah5MEy9eqi8wCr1pFqcmS7zomTAKG0tbJrQx-_Yy65_EgwfyHnj4vT8ehM4xXGMAfhMxJozlQHA6ghU5HKAxZpzmhInpIRoDBZzjgtAROolxAwClADhGI0qFwBzIGN3Ole58iJmK0WunOlNl765bZ9aokHmbWVXXrl1lrs3WpvGVU_UuuphtVedM28VTdJSQaM6-5gS9zu9fZo_54vnhaXa3yDXlrMvLShR4iqkuUgNshcZFtSSCC1sUhJjSEl4uGVgChHNbTbnRHHRVCMWAGwA6QVdD7jb4t97ETjYualPXqjW-j5Kw9FFCMBEJvfyDbnwf2tQuUTzVSAxOFBkoHXyMwVi5Da5RYScxyL1fOfiVya_89Cv3LS6-ovtlY6qfJ99CE0AHIKardmXC7-5_Yj8AAlaDUw</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2576142831</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Factors associated with fear of falling in hemodialysis patients</title><source>Springer Nature</source><creator>da Silva de Jesus, Luciana Angélica ; Pinheiro, Bruno Valle ; Koufaki, Pelagia ; Lucinda, Leda Marília Fonseca ; Gravina, Emanuele Poliana Lawall ; Barros, Fabrício Sciammarella ; Garcia, Rodrigo Schinniger Assun ; Oliveira, Cristino Carneiro ; Reboredo, Maycon Moura</creator><creatorcontrib>da Silva de Jesus, Luciana Angélica ; Pinheiro, Bruno Valle ; Koufaki, Pelagia ; Lucinda, Leda Marília Fonseca ; Gravina, Emanuele Poliana Lawall ; Barros, Fabrício Sciammarella ; Garcia, Rodrigo Schinniger Assun ; Oliveira, Cristino Carneiro ; Reboredo, Maycon Moura</creatorcontrib><description>Purpose Fear of falling (FOF) has important clinical and psychological consequences. This study evaluated the factors associated with FOF in hemodialysis patients and compared with the FOF reported by age–gender matched individuals without chronic kidney disease. Methods This cross sectional study included hemodialysis group ( n  = 60, 55.4 ± 7.6 years, 55.0% male) and control group ( n  = 40, 55.1 ± 7.5 years, 52.5% male). FOF was assessed by the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I). Physical function was evaluated using the Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest), Timed Up and Go test, 4-m gait speed, isometric handgrip force and 10-repetition sit-to-stand test. The physical and mental components of quality of life was evaluated by 36-Item Short Form Health Survey. Results The FES-I score was higher in the hemodialysis group compared to the control group (28.2 ± 9.7 vs. 23.3 ± 5.1, p  = 0.020). In addition, the prevalence of individuals with a higher concern about falling was greater in the hemodialysis group (41.7 vs. 17.5%, p  = 0.033). Multiple linear regression showed that the FES-I score was associated with the Mini-BESTest score and the physical component summary of quality of life (coefficient of determination of 0.51 and an adjusted coefficient of determination of 0.46). Conclusion FOF was associated with poor postural balance and reduced physical component of quality of life in patients on hemodialysis and these patients showed higher FOF compared to individuals without chronic kidney disease.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0301-1623</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2584</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11255-021-02856-0</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33881702</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Accidental Falls ; Balance ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Fear ; Female ; Gait ; Hemodialysis ; Humans ; Isometric ; Kidney diseases ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine &amp; Public Health ; Middle Aged ; Nephrology ; Nephrology - Original Paper ; Patients ; Physical Examination ; Quality of Life ; Renal Dialysis - psychology ; Self Report ; Urology</subject><ispartof>International urology and nephrology, 2021-10, Vol.53 (10), p.2159-2166</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2021</rights><rights>2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2021.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-9d861413c68001f8c16db2878f6622e9f279b50f20277fd47ec70cd68a507e003</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-9d861413c68001f8c16db2878f6622e9f279b50f20277fd47ec70cd68a507e003</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3221-8744 ; 0000-0001-6546-0225 ; 0000-0002-0975-9350 ; 0000-0003-1840-1147 ; 0000-0002-1406-3729 ; 0000-0002-6455-2125 ; 0000-0002-5288-3533 ; 0000-0002-8599-2648 ; 0000-0001-8155-7414</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33881702$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>da Silva de Jesus, Luciana Angélica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pinheiro, Bruno Valle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koufaki, Pelagia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lucinda, Leda Marília Fonseca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gravina, Emanuele Poliana Lawall</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barros, Fabrício Sciammarella</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garcia, Rodrigo Schinniger Assun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oliveira, Cristino Carneiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reboredo, Maycon Moura</creatorcontrib><title>Factors associated with fear of falling in hemodialysis patients</title><title>International urology and nephrology</title><addtitle>Int Urol Nephrol</addtitle><addtitle>Int Urol Nephrol</addtitle><description>Purpose Fear of falling (FOF) has important clinical and psychological consequences. This study evaluated the factors associated with FOF in hemodialysis patients and compared with the FOF reported by age–gender matched individuals without chronic kidney disease. Methods This cross sectional study included hemodialysis group ( n  = 60, 55.4 ± 7.6 years, 55.0% male) and control group ( n  = 40, 55.1 ± 7.5 years, 52.5% male). FOF was assessed by the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I). Physical function was evaluated using the Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest), Timed Up and Go test, 4-m gait speed, isometric handgrip force and 10-repetition sit-to-stand test. The physical and mental components of quality of life was evaluated by 36-Item Short Form Health Survey. Results The FES-I score was higher in the hemodialysis group compared to the control group (28.2 ± 9.7 vs. 23.3 ± 5.1, p  = 0.020). In addition, the prevalence of individuals with a higher concern about falling was greater in the hemodialysis group (41.7 vs. 17.5%, p  = 0.033). Multiple linear regression showed that the FES-I score was associated with the Mini-BESTest score and the physical component summary of quality of life (coefficient of determination of 0.51 and an adjusted coefficient of determination of 0.46). Conclusion FOF was associated with poor postural balance and reduced physical component of quality of life in patients on hemodialysis and these patients showed higher FOF compared to individuals without chronic kidney disease.</description><subject>Accidental Falls</subject><subject>Balance</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Fear</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gait</subject><subject>Hemodialysis</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Isometric</subject><subject>Kidney diseases</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine &amp; Public Health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nephrology</subject><subject>Nephrology - Original Paper</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Physical Examination</subject><subject>Quality of Life</subject><subject>Renal Dialysis - psychology</subject><subject>Self Report</subject><subject>Urology</subject><issn>0301-1623</issn><issn>1573-2584</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kE9PwyAYh4nRuDn9Ah5MEy9eqi8wCr1pFqcmS7zomTAKG0tbJrQx-_Yy65_EgwfyHnj4vT8ehM4xXGMAfhMxJozlQHA6ghU5HKAxZpzmhInpIRoDBZzjgtAROolxAwClADhGI0qFwBzIGN3Ole58iJmK0WunOlNl765bZ9aokHmbWVXXrl1lrs3WpvGVU_UuuphtVedM28VTdJSQaM6-5gS9zu9fZo_54vnhaXa3yDXlrMvLShR4iqkuUgNshcZFtSSCC1sUhJjSEl4uGVgChHNbTbnRHHRVCMWAGwA6QVdD7jb4t97ETjYualPXqjW-j5Kw9FFCMBEJvfyDbnwf2tQuUTzVSAxOFBkoHXyMwVi5Da5RYScxyL1fOfiVya_89Cv3LS6-ovtlY6qfJ99CE0AHIKardmXC7-5_Yj8AAlaDUw</recordid><startdate>20211001</startdate><enddate>20211001</enddate><creator>da Silva de Jesus, Luciana Angélica</creator><creator>Pinheiro, Bruno Valle</creator><creator>Koufaki, Pelagia</creator><creator>Lucinda, Leda Marília Fonseca</creator><creator>Gravina, Emanuele Poliana Lawall</creator><creator>Barros, Fabrício Sciammarella</creator><creator>Garcia, Rodrigo Schinniger Assun</creator><creator>Oliveira, Cristino Carneiro</creator><creator>Reboredo, Maycon Moura</creator><general>Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3221-8744</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6546-0225</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0975-9350</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1840-1147</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1406-3729</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6455-2125</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5288-3533</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8599-2648</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8155-7414</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20211001</creationdate><title>Factors associated with fear of falling in hemodialysis patients</title><author>da Silva de Jesus, Luciana Angélica ; Pinheiro, Bruno Valle ; Koufaki, Pelagia ; Lucinda, Leda Marília Fonseca ; Gravina, Emanuele Poliana Lawall ; Barros, Fabrício Sciammarella ; Garcia, Rodrigo Schinniger Assun ; Oliveira, Cristino Carneiro ; Reboredo, Maycon Moura</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-9d861413c68001f8c16db2878f6622e9f279b50f20277fd47ec70cd68a507e003</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Accidental Falls</topic><topic>Balance</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Fear</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gait</topic><topic>Hemodialysis</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Isometric</topic><topic>Kidney diseases</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine &amp; Public Health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nephrology</topic><topic>Nephrology - Original Paper</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Physical Examination</topic><topic>Quality of Life</topic><topic>Renal Dialysis - psychology</topic><topic>Self Report</topic><topic>Urology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>da Silva de Jesus, Luciana Angélica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pinheiro, Bruno Valle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koufaki, Pelagia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lucinda, Leda Marília Fonseca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gravina, Emanuele Poliana Lawall</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barros, Fabrício Sciammarella</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garcia, Rodrigo Schinniger Assun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oliveira, Cristino Carneiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reboredo, Maycon Moura</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Calcium &amp; Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection (Proquest)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>International urology and nephrology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>da Silva de Jesus, Luciana Angélica</au><au>Pinheiro, Bruno Valle</au><au>Koufaki, Pelagia</au><au>Lucinda, Leda Marília Fonseca</au><au>Gravina, Emanuele Poliana Lawall</au><au>Barros, Fabrício Sciammarella</au><au>Garcia, Rodrigo Schinniger Assun</au><au>Oliveira, Cristino Carneiro</au><au>Reboredo, Maycon Moura</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Factors associated with fear of falling in hemodialysis patients</atitle><jtitle>International urology and nephrology</jtitle><stitle>Int Urol Nephrol</stitle><addtitle>Int Urol Nephrol</addtitle><date>2021-10-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>53</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>2159</spage><epage>2166</epage><pages>2159-2166</pages><issn>0301-1623</issn><eissn>1573-2584</eissn><abstract>Purpose Fear of falling (FOF) has important clinical and psychological consequences. This study evaluated the factors associated with FOF in hemodialysis patients and compared with the FOF reported by age–gender matched individuals without chronic kidney disease. Methods This cross sectional study included hemodialysis group ( n  = 60, 55.4 ± 7.6 years, 55.0% male) and control group ( n  = 40, 55.1 ± 7.5 years, 52.5% male). FOF was assessed by the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I). Physical function was evaluated using the Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest), Timed Up and Go test, 4-m gait speed, isometric handgrip force and 10-repetition sit-to-stand test. The physical and mental components of quality of life was evaluated by 36-Item Short Form Health Survey. Results The FES-I score was higher in the hemodialysis group compared to the control group (28.2 ± 9.7 vs. 23.3 ± 5.1, p  = 0.020). In addition, the prevalence of individuals with a higher concern about falling was greater in the hemodialysis group (41.7 vs. 17.5%, p  = 0.033). Multiple linear regression showed that the FES-I score was associated with the Mini-BESTest score and the physical component summary of quality of life (coefficient of determination of 0.51 and an adjusted coefficient of determination of 0.46). Conclusion FOF was associated with poor postural balance and reduced physical component of quality of life in patients on hemodialysis and these patients showed higher FOF compared to individuals without chronic kidney disease.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><pmid>33881702</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11255-021-02856-0</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3221-8744</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6546-0225</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0975-9350</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1840-1147</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1406-3729</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6455-2125</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5288-3533</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8599-2648</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8155-7414</orcidid></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 0301-1623
ispartof International urology and nephrology, 2021-10, Vol.53 (10), p.2159-2166
issn 0301-1623
1573-2584
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2516222128
source Springer Nature
subjects Accidental Falls
Balance
Cross-Sectional Studies
Fear
Female
Gait
Hemodialysis
Humans
Isometric
Kidney diseases
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Middle Aged
Nephrology
Nephrology - Original Paper
Patients
Physical Examination
Quality of Life
Renal Dialysis - psychology
Self Report
Urology
title Factors associated with fear of falling in hemodialysis patients
url http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-26T22%3A16%3A49IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Factors%20associated%20with%20fear%20of%20falling%20in%20hemodialysis%20patients&rft.jtitle=International%20urology%20and%20nephrology&rft.au=da%20Silva%20de%20Jesus,%20Luciana%20Ang%C3%A9lica&rft.date=2021-10-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2159&rft.epage=2166&rft.pages=2159-2166&rft.issn=0301-1623&rft.eissn=1573-2584&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s11255-021-02856-0&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2576142831%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-9d861413c68001f8c16db2878f6622e9f279b50f20277fd47ec70cd68a507e003%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2576142831&rft_id=info:pmid/33881702&rfr_iscdi=true