The necessity of enzymatically hydrolyzing walnut protein to exert antihypertensive activity based on in vitro simulated digestion and in vivo verification

Since not all proteins are suitable for preparing bioactive peptides by enzymatic degradation, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the necessity of walnut protein (WP) enzymolysis to exert its potential antihypertensive activity. Five proteases were used to hydrolyze WP to produce WP hydrolysat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Food & function 2021-04, Vol.12 (8), p.3647-3656
Main Authors: Liu, Dandan, Guo, Yiting, Zhu, Junsong, Tian, Weijie, Chen, Min, Ma, Haile
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aldosterone
Angiotensin
antihypertensive effect
Antihypertensives
Blood pressure
blood serum
Digestion
Endothelium
enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzymolysis
Evaluation
Hydrolysates
in vitro digestion
Kallikrein
Peptides
Pressure effects
proteinases
Proteins
Renin
Simulation
Walnuts
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Summary:Since not all proteins are suitable for preparing bioactive peptides by enzymatic degradation, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the necessity of walnut protein (WP) enzymolysis to exert its potential antihypertensive activity. Five proteases were used to hydrolyze WP to produce WP hydrolysate (WPH) enzymatically. The angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of WP and WPH before and after simulated digestion in vitro was measured, and the antihypertensive effect was evaluated in vivo. The results showed that after simulated digestion in vitro, the ACE inhibitory activity of WP digests (44.85%) was not significantly different from that of WPH digests (p > 0.05). In vivo experimental results showed that both WP and WPH had significant blood pressure lowering effects in the acute and long-term administrative experiments. The mechanism of its antihypertensive activities was regulating the balance of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the kallikrein-kinin system by inhibiting ACE activities in tissues and regulating the level of endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor factors and relaxing factors in serum. It seems unnecessary to carry out enzymatic hydrolysis to produce walnut peptides with antihypertensive activity.
ISSN:2042-6496
2042-650X
2042-650X
DOI:10.1039/d1fo00427a