Sub-fertility in crossbred bulls: Identification of proteomic alterations in spermatogenic cells using high throughput comparative proteomics approach

• Published in: Theriogenology 2021-07, Vol.169, p.65-75
• Main Authors: Tomar, Anil Kumar, Rajak, Shailendra Kumar, Aslam MK, Muhammad, Chhikara, Nirmal, Ojha, Sanjay Kumar, Nayak, Samiksha, Chhillar, Shivani, Kumaresan, Arumugam, Yadav, Savita
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Crossbred bulls; Fine needle aspiration; In vitro culture; Proteomics; Spermatogenic cells; Subfertility
• ISSN: 0093-691X; 1879-3231
• DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.04.012

The present study was carried out to compare the proteomic profiles of spermatogenic cells of crossbred and zebu cattle in an effort to understand the possible reasons for a higher incidence of sub-fertility in crossbred bulls. The spermatogenic cells collected from the testes of pre-pubertal (6 mo) and adult (24 mo) crossbred and zebu males through fine needle aspiration were proliferated in vitro, and proteomic profiling was done using a shotgun proteomics approach. The age- and species-specific variations in the expression level of proteins were identified in spermatogenic cells. The number of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) identified in pre-pubertal zebu and crossbred was 546, while 579 DEPs were identified between adult zebu and crossbred bulls. Out of these, 194 DEPS were common to these groups and 40 DEPs displayed a fold change ≥2. However, only 20 proteins exhibited similar expression variation trends (upregulated or downregulated) among pre-pubertal as well as adult zebu and crossbred bulls. Out of these 20 DEPs, 13 proteins were upregulated, and 7 proteins were downregulated in spermatogenic cells of zebu compared to crossbred bulls. Among the upregulated proteins were RPLP2, PAXIP1, calumenin, prosaposin, GTF2F1, TMP2, ubiquitin conjugation factor E4A, COL1A2, vimentin, protein FAM13A, peripherin, GFPT2, and GRP78. Seven proteins that were downregulated in zebu bulls compared to crossbred included APOA1, G patch domain-containing protein 1, NAD P transhydrogenase mitochondrial, glutamyl aminopeptidase, synaptojanin 1 fragment, Arf GAP with SH3 domain ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1, and protein transport protein sec16B. It was inferred that the proteins associated with sperm function and fertilization processes, such as calumenin, prosaposin, vimentin, GRP78, and APOA1 could be studied further to understand the precise cause of subfertility in crossbred bulls. •Proteomic profile of spermatogenic cells from Zebu and crossbred males (pre-pubertal and adult) was compared.•A total 2644 proteins were identified in spermatogenic cells of pre-pubertal zebu and crossbred males.•A total of 2636 proteins were identified in spermatogenic cells of adult zebu and crossbred bulls.•There were 194 proteins, which were differentially expressed between the two breeds irrespective of the age.•Calumenin, prosaposin, vimentin, GRP78 and APOA1 holds potential to be associated with subfertility in crossbred bulls.