Application of the Sampson equation to estimate LDL-C in children: Comparison with LDL direct measurement and Friedewald equation in the BLIP study

In epidemiological trials and in clinical practices, it is relevant to have affordable and reliable methods to measure the main lipid cardiovascular risk factors, and in particular low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) plasma level. In this context, we aimed to compare the reliability of the F...

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Published in:Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases, 2021-06, Vol.31 (6), p.1911-1915
Main Authors: Cicero, Arrigo F.G., Fogacci, Federica, Patrono, Daniela, Mancini, Rita, Ramazzotti, Eric, Borghi, Claudio, D'Addato, Sergio, Bove, Marilisa, Piani, Federica, Giovannini, Marina, Grandi, Elisa, Rizzoli, Elisabetta, Rossolini, Arianna
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-9d587c4c0f62f55a3cc0cd98d41bdd86284d1e92e7689c6d7793c35e60b193f93
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container_issue 6
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container_title Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases
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creator Cicero, Arrigo F.G.
Fogacci, Federica
Patrono, Daniela
Mancini, Rita
Ramazzotti, Eric
Borghi, Claudio
D'Addato, Sergio
Borghi, Claudio
Bove, Marilisa
Cicero, Arrigo F.G.
D'Addato, Sergio
Fogacci, Federica
Piani, Federica
Giovannini, Marina
Grandi, Elisa
Mancini, Rita
Patrono, Daniela
Rizzoli, Elisabetta
Rossolini, Arianna
description In epidemiological trials and in clinical practices, it is relevant to have affordable and reliable methods to measure the main lipid cardiovascular risk factors, and in particular low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) plasma level. In this context, we aimed to compare the reliability of the Friedewald's (LDL-Cf) and Sampson's (LDL-Cs) equations with the LDL-value dosed by a validated dosage method (LDL-Cd) in a large cohort of children. We considered the lipid values of 145 infants, 278 preschoolers, 810 scholar children, and 1372 adolescents (Total N. 2605, 1291 males, 1314 females), with mean total cholesterol (TC) = 169.8 ± 39.7 mg/dL, HDL-Cholesterol = 50.8 ± 12.7 mg/dL, non HDL-Cholesterol = 118.9 ± 35.9 mg/dL, Triglycerides (TG) = 90.3 ± 77.9 mg/dL, LDL-Cd = 106.2 ± 29.9 mg/dL, LDL-Cf = 100.9 ± 33.8 mg/dL, and LDL-Cs = 102.2 ± 33.4 mg/dL. Comparing the distance to the LDL-Cd, Friedewald's equation mildly but significantly underestimated in infants (3.4 ± 5.3 mg/dL), preschoolers (1.5 ± 7.1 mg/dL). Children (1.2 ± 2.2 mg/dL) and adolescents (1.1 ± 5.9 mg/dL) compared to Sampson's equation (all comparisons, p 
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.02.034
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Our analysis, being carried out on a large population sample, shows that Sampson's equation is more reliable than Friedewald's one at each considered age class and even for extreme TG values. •The Friedewald's formula is the gold standard to estimate LDL-C plasma level.•The new Sampson's formula seems to be more reliable for extreme LDL-C values.•We tested the reliability of the Sampson's formula in a large children cohort.•Sampson's formula seems to be more reliable than Friedewald's also in children.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0939-4753</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1590-3729</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.02.034</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33962827</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><ispartof>Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases, 2021-06, Vol.31 (6), p.1911-1915</ispartof><rights>2021 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. 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title Application of the Sampson equation to estimate LDL-C in children: Comparison with LDL direct measurement and Friedewald equation in the BLIP study
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