Assessing the role of a tissue-based assay in the diagnostic algorithm of autoimmune encephalitis

Tissue-based assay (TBA) is a widely-used method to detect neural autoantibodies, but the diagnostic accuracy for autoimmune encephalitis (AE) has not yet been adequately measured. We retrospectively evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of an indirect immunofluorescence TBA (IIF-TBA) in 159 pat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of neuroimmunology 2021-07, Vol.356, p.577601-577601, Article 577601
Main Authors: Masi, Gianvito, Spagni, Gregorio, Campetella, Lucia, Monte, Gabriele, Sabatelli, Eleonora, Evoli, Amelia, Papi, Claudia, Iorio, Raffaele
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autoantibodies
Autoimmune diseases
Encephalitis
Encephalopathy
Precision medicine
Test utilization
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Summary:Tissue-based assay (TBA) is a widely-used method to detect neural autoantibodies, but the diagnostic accuracy for autoimmune encephalitis (AE) has not yet been adequately measured. We retrospectively evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of an indirect immunofluorescence TBA (IIF-TBA) in 159 patients with suspected AE. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens were collected and tested from December 2012 to September 2020. In the paired sample analysis, serum testing showed higher sensitivity than CSF, while the latter had higher specificity. Based on these results, we clarify the advantages of using a TBA as the principal screening method for patients with suspected AE. [Display omitted] •Tissue-based assay is a valuable screening tool to diagnose autoimmune encephalitis.•To maximize sensitivity and specificity, both serum and CSF should be tested.•A positive result does not rule out infectious diseases such as HSV encephalitis.•Tissue-based assay can broaden the search for neurological autoimmunity.
ISSN:0165-5728
1872-8421
DOI:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577601