How Does Hypodontia Compare in Nonsyndromic Pierre Robin Sequence Versus Isolated Cleft Palate and Isolated Cleft Lip?

• Published in: The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal 2022-05, Vol.59 (5), p.603-608
• Main Authors: Dillon, Maria, Seshu, Madhavi, Flannigan, Norah, Dominguez-Gonzalez, Susana
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anodontia - diagnostic imaging; Anodontia - epidemiology; Anodontia - etiology; Bicuspid - abnormalities; Birth defects; Child; Cleft Lip - complications; Cleft Lip - diagnostic imaging; Cleft Lip - epidemiology; Cleft Palate - complications; Cleft Palate - diagnostic imaging; Cleft Palate - epidemiology; Cohort analysis; Humans; Patients; Pierre Robin Syndrome - complications; Pierre Robin Syndrome - diagnostic imaging; Pierre Robin Syndrome - epidemiology; Retrospective Studies; Teeth
• ISSN: 1055-6656; 1545-1569
• DOI: 10.1177/10556656211017778

Objective: To assess the prevalence and patterns of hypodontia in nonsyndromic Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) and compare it with hypodontia in nonsyndromic isolated cleft palates and isolated cleft lips. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, United Kingdom. Patients: Patients with nonsyndromic PRS (group 1), isolated cleft palate (group 2), and isolated cleft lip (group 3). Main Outcome Measures: Hypodontia in the permanent dentition assessed from orthopantomographs. Results: A total of 154 patients were included. Group 1 had the highest incidence of hypodontia with 47% having at least one tooth congenitally absent. Groups 2 and 3 had reduced rates of hypodontia with 27% and 19% of the groups missing teeth, respectively; 93% of cases of hypodontia in group 1 involved the absence of at least one second premolar. Of these patients, there was found to be bilateral agenesis of second premolars in 50% of cases. Conclusions: Patients with PRS and cleft palates are more likely to have hypodontia than those with isolated cleft palates or unilateral cleft lips. Patients with PRS have more severe hypodontia than those with isolated cleft palates or unilateral cleft lips. Bilateral agenesis of lower second premolars is a commonly seen pattern among patients with PRS. In this large UK study, a similar prevalence and pattern of hypodontia to other nonsyndromic PRS populations worldwide has been demonstrated.