Pharmacological intervention in oxidative stress as a therapeutic target in neurological disorders

Oxidative stress is a major cellular burden that triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants that modulate signalling mechanisms. Byproducts generated from this process govern the brain pathology and functions in various neurological diseases. As oxidative stress remains the key therapeu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology 2022-04, Vol.74 (4), p.461-484
Main Authors: Sharma, Sudhanshu, Advani, Dia, Das, Ankita, Malhotra, Nishtha, Khosla, Akanksha, Arora, Vanshika, Jha, Ankita, Yadav, Megha, Ambasta, Rashmi K, Kumar, Pravir
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antioxidants - metabolism
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Antioxidants - therapeutic use
Humans
NADPH Oxidases - metabolism
Neurodegenerative Diseases - drug therapy
Neurodegenerative Diseases - metabolism
Neurodegenerative Diseases - pathology
Oxidative Stress
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
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Summary:Oxidative stress is a major cellular burden that triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants that modulate signalling mechanisms. Byproducts generated from this process govern the brain pathology and functions in various neurological diseases. As oxidative stress remains the key therapeutic target in neurological disease, it is necessary to explore the multiple routes that can significantly repair the damage caused due to ROS and consequently, neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase is the critical player of oxidative stress that can also be used as a therapeutic target to combat NDDs. Several antioxidants signalling pathways are found to be associated with oxidative stress and show a protective effect against stressors by increasing the release of various cytoprotective enzymes and also exert anti-inflammatory response against this oxidative damage. These pathways along with antioxidants and reactive species can be the defined targets to eliminate or reduce the harmful effects of neurological diseases. Herein, we discussed the underlying mechanism and crucial role of antioxidants in therapeutics together with natural compounds as a pharmacological tool to combat the cellular deformities cascades caused due to oxidative stress.
ISSN:0022-3573
2042-7158
DOI:10.1093/jpp/rgab064