The gene regulatory network controlling plasma cell function

Summary Antibodies are an essential element of the immune response to infection, and in long‐term protection upon re‐exposure to the same micro‐organism. Antibodies are produced by plasmablasts and plasma cells, the terminally differentiated cells of the B lymphocyte lineage. These relatively rare p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Immunological reviews 2021-09, Vol.303 (1), p.23-34
Main Authors: Trezise, Stephanie, Nutt, Stephen L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
antibody secretion
B cell differentiation
Cell differentiation
Homeostasis
Immune response
Interferon regulatory factor 4
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes B
Metabolic pathways
Metabolism
plasma cell
Plasma cells
Transcription factors
unfolded protein response
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Summary:Summary Antibodies are an essential element of the immune response to infection, and in long‐term protection upon re‐exposure to the same micro‐organism. Antibodies are produced by plasmablasts and plasma cells, the terminally differentiated cells of the B lymphocyte lineage. These relatively rare populations, collectively termed antibody secreting cells (ASCs), have developed highly specialized transcriptional and metabolic pathways to facilitate their extraordinarily high rates of antibody synthesis and secretion. In this review, we discuss the gene regulatory network that controls ASC identity and function, with a particular focus on the processes that influence the transcription, translation, folding, modification and secretion of antibodies. We will address how ASCs have adapted their transcriptional, metabolic and protein homeostasis pathways to sustain such high rates of antibody production, and the roles that the major ASC regulators, the transcription factors, Irf4, Blimp‐1 and Xbp1, play in co‐ordinating these processes.
ISSN:0105-2896
1600-065X
DOI:10.1111/imr.12988