Oral health condition in cancer patients under bisphosphonate therapy

Objectives To investigate the association of oral health condition with the occurrence of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in a cancer population. Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted with cancer patients exposed to bisphosphonates for at least 7 months. Denta...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Supportive care in cancer 2021-12, Vol.29 (12), p.7687-7694
Main Authors: Jardim Caldas, Rogério, Spíndola Antunes, Héliton, de Oliveira Rodini Pegoraro, Camila, Ribeiro Guedes, Fábio, da Silva Santos, Paulo Sérgio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bisphosphonates
Bone diseases
Cancer
Cancer patients
Care and treatment
Dental caries
Disodium pamidronate
Epidemiology
Gangrene
Gum disease
Health aspects
Hygiene
Jaw
Medical research
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Medicine, Experimental
Nursing
Nursing Research
Oncology
Oral health
Oral hygiene
Original Article
Pain Medicine
Rehabilitation Medicine
Side effects
Tooth extractions
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Summary:Objectives To investigate the association of oral health condition with the occurrence of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in a cancer population. Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted with cancer patients exposed to bisphosphonates for at least 7 months. Dental and periodontal conditions were assessed by epidemiological indices. Results The sample consisted of 80 patients under bisphosphonate therapy, nine of which were allocated to group 1 (with MRONJ) and 71 to group 2 (without MRONJ). Osteonecrosis cases presented 19 decayed, missing, and filled teeth on average. Moderate gingival inflammation was noted in both groups and together with severe inflammation exceeded 50% of the groups. The presence of dental calculus was detected in about half of the individuals in both groups. Shallow periodontal pockets were detected in about 25% of both groups. Deep periodontal pockets were more prevalent among patients with osteonecrosis. Regular oral hygiene was detected in approximately 25% of individuals in both groups. There was a strong positive correlation between the clinical staging of osteonecrosis and decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (DMFTI). Conclusions Patients had a poor oral health condition. All but one osteonecrosis case had no previous history of tooth extraction; oral infections seemed to play a major role in the development of bone necrosis. Advanced osteonecrosis stages were associated with a higher DMFTI.
ISSN:0941-4355
1433-7339
DOI:10.1007/s00520-021-06362-y