Ecotoxicological effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and Galaxolide, separately and as binary mixtures, in radish (Raphanus sativus)

Nano-TiO2 and Galaxolide (HHCB) are continually released into the environment because they are common ingredients of personal care products. In this study, the effects of nano-TiO2 and HHCB, individually and as binary mixtures, on Raphanus sativus were investigated. Growth indices (germination rate,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of environmental management 2021-09, Vol.294, p.112972-112972, Article 112972
Main Authors: Jiang, Lisi, Zhang, Qianru, Wang, Jianmei, Liu, Wan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomarker
DNA damage
HHCB
Nano-TiO2
Radish (Raphanus sativus)
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Summary:Nano-TiO2 and Galaxolide (HHCB) are continually released into the environment because they are common ingredients of personal care products. In this study, the effects of nano-TiO2 and HHCB, individually and as binary mixtures, on Raphanus sativus were investigated. Growth indices (germination rate, root length, and shoot elongation), random amplification of polymorphic DNA profiles of DNA damage in the seedling roots, and expression of genes related to DNA damage, repair, and the cell cycle were assessed. Radish germination was not affected by nano-TiO2 (5–200 mg L−1) but was inhibited by HHCB (≥50 mg L−1). Nano-TiO2 and HHCB both caused severe DNA damage, including DNA mismatch damage, DNA double-strand breaks, and chromosomal damage. The binary mixtures indicated antagonistic effects occurred, and 200 mg L−1 nano-TiO2 decreased the genetic toxicity of HHCB. Of the genes that were examined, MRE11 and WRKY40 were the most sensitive to nano-TiO2 and HHCB, indicating that these genes could be used as sensitive biomarkers for exposure of R. sativus to nano-TiO2 and HHCB. The results improve our understanding of the risks posed by nano-TiO2 and HHCB to R. sativus in particular and possibly to other plants. •Galaxolide (HHCB) inhibited seed germination in radish (R. sativus), but nano-TiO2 did not.•Both nano-TiO2 and HHCB caused severe DNA damage in the root tips.•Binary mixture of HHCB and nano-TiO2 showed antagonistic effects on the root tips.•MRE11 and WRKY40 can be sensitive biomarkers for the exposure to nano-TiO2 and HHCB in R. sativus.
ISSN:0301-4797
1095-8630
DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112972