Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in leafy vegetables consumed in southern Nigeria: concentration, risk assessment and source apportionment

Four commonly consumed leafy vegetables, obtained from four major cities in southern Nigeria, were analysed for their polycyclic hydrocarbon (PAH) content using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The estimated daily intake (EDI), margin of exposure (MOE), hazard index (HI) an...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental monitoring and assessment 2021-07, Vol.193 (7), p.443-443, Article 443
Main Authors: Tesi, Godswill Okeoghene, Iniaghe, Paschal Okiroro, Lari, Bulouebibo, Obi-Iyeke, Grace, Ossai, Jude Chinedu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aromatic compounds
Aromatic hydrocarbons
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Benzo(a)pyrene
Cancer
Carcinogens
Consumption
Direct reduction
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecology
Ecotoxicology
Environment
Environmental Management
Environmental monitoring
Environmental science
Exposure
Gas chromatography
Health risks
High temperature
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Principal components analysis
Pyrene
Risk assessment
Vegetables
Vehicle emissions
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Four commonly consumed leafy vegetables, obtained from four major cities in southern Nigeria, were analysed for their polycyclic hydrocarbon (PAH) content using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The estimated daily intake (EDI), margin of exposure (MOE), hazard index (HI) and total cancer risk (TCR); principal component analysis (PCA) and diagnostic ratios (DRs) were respectively used for risk evaluation and source identification of the detected PAHs. The results showed that the mean concentration (µg kg −1 ) of ∑16 PAHs in the vegetables ranged from 532 to 2261. The EDI values ranged from 459 to 4876, 1809 to 8378, 2733 to 13,036 and 4143 to 12,568 ng kg −1 bw day −1 for benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), PAH2, PAH4, and PAH8 for children exposure respectively, and from 115 to 1219, 452 to 2095, 683 to 3259 and 1036 to 3142 ng kg −1 bw day −1 for adult exposure respectively. The estimated MOE values were 
ISSN:0167-6369
1573-2959
DOI:10.1007/s10661-021-09217-5