Assessment of salivary stress and pain biomarkers and their relation to self-reported pain intensity during orthodontic tooth movement: a longitudinal and prospective study

• Published in: Journal of orofacial orthopedics 2022-09, Vol.83 (5), p.339-352
• Main Authors: Canigur Bavbek, Nehir, Bozkaya, Erdal, Isler, Sila Cagri, Elbeg, Sehri, Uraz, Ahu, Yuksel, Sema
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Dentistry; Medicine; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Original Article
• ISSN: 1434-5293; 1615-6714
• DOI: 10.1007/s00056-021-00311-4

Purpose The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the relationship between pain intensity and concentrations of salivary pain and stress biomarkers during orthodontic tooth movement. Methods Eighteen patients (8 males, 10 females; mean age 14.57 ± 2.39 years) who needed orthodontic treatment with maxillary premolar extraction and segmental canine distalization participated in this study. Baseline samples were collected (T1), and orthodontic attachments were placed to maxillary first molars, second premolars, and canines. Then extractions were performed. After 1‑month follow-up, canine distalization started with a segmental wire (T2). Concentrations of salivary α‑amylase (sAA), cortisol, secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and chromogranin A (CgA) were examined at T1, T2, and on days 4 (T3), 7 (T4), 14 (T5), and 30 (T6) after starting retraction. Participants also scored their pain on a visual analogue scale (VAS). Pain catastrophizing behavior and dental anxiety levels of the participants were evaluated by the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale (C-DAS), respectively. Repeated measure ANOVA, Mann–Whitney U test and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient analysis were used for statistical evaluations ( p