Effects of restriction of activities and social isolation on risk of dementia in the community

Social isolation and emotional isolation, i.e. loneliness, have been associated with dementia or cognitive decline. In contrast, the relationship of restriction of physical and instrumental activities of daily living to cognitive decline and dementia has been less studied. We examined multiple quali...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International psychogeriatrics 2021-11, Vol.33 (11), p.1207-1215
Main Authors: Goldberg, Terry E., Choi, Jongwoo, Lee, Seonjoo, Gurland, Barry, Devanand, Davangere P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activities of Daily Living
Affect (Psychology)
Aged
Alzheimer's disease
Cognition & reasoning
Cognitive development
Cognitive impairment
Dementia
Dementia - epidemiology
depression
Episodic memory
Humans
Loneliness
Memory
Mental depression
Mortality
Neuropsychology
Older people
Original Research Article
Prospective Studies
Quality of Life
restriction
Sensitivity analysis
Social Isolation
Suffering
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Summary:Social isolation and emotional isolation, i.e. loneliness, have been associated with dementia or cognitive decline. In contrast, the relationship of restriction of physical and instrumental activities of daily living to cognitive decline and dementia has been less studied. We examined multiple quality of life (QoL) indicators, including isolation and restriction of activities, utilizing two validated scales in elders without dementia to determine their associations with cognitive decline and incident dementia that were followed longitudinally over 6 years. We comprehensively controlled for other symptom constellations, including depression and anergia. A large multi-ethnic prospective study was conducted in northern Manhattan, NYC. An ethnically diverse sample of 855 non-demented individuals at baseline participated. The following QoL scales were utilized: Restriction, Anergia, Isolation, Loneliness, and Affective Suffering. Both Restriction (HR = 2.22, 95% CI [1.42, 3.47], P .1) with both Restriction and Isolation in the same model for the prediction of dementia, only Restriction remained significant (HR = 1.97, 95% CI [1.24, 3.14], P = 0.004). In cross-lagged panel analyses, Restriction and Isolation had reciprocal influences (P’s
ISSN:1041-6102
1741-203X
DOI:10.1017/S1041610221000776