Statistical problems of wind-generated gravity waves arising in microwave remote sensing of surface winds

The basic geometric features of a developed sea surface affecting the accuracy of wind speed measurements by satellite instruments are reviewed. Based on Seasat scatterometer, Geosat altimeter, and DMSP-SSM/I (Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Special Sensor Microwave/Imager) observations col...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing 1991-01, Vol.29 (1), p.135-142
Main Author: Glazman, R.E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Earth, ocean, space
Exact sciences and technology
External geophysics
GEOSAT
Gravity
gravity waves
Image sensors
Instruments
Marine
Meteorology
Oceanography
Physics of the oceans
Radar measurements
satellite altimetry
Satellite broadcasting
scatterometers
Sea measurements
Sea surface
SEASAT
Surface waves, tides and sea level. Seiches
Velocity measurement
wind measurement
Wind speed
wind waves
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Summary:The basic geometric features of a developed sea surface affecting the accuracy of wind speed measurements by satellite instruments are reviewed. Based on Seasat scatterometer, Geosat altimeter, and DMSP-SSM/I (Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Special Sensor Microwave/Imager) observations collocated with buoy data, error trends in the satellite winds are shown to be correlated with various measures of wave development. These trends are explained by examining the RMS wave slope of energy-containing waves which, directly or indirectly, affects all microwave techniques. Statistics of temporal-spatial rates of steep and breaking waves (affecting the scatterometer and radiometer measurements) are derived and compared with field observations.< >
ISSN:0196-2892
1558-0644
DOI:10.1109/36.103303