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Risk factors analysis of persistence, progression and recurrence in vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia
to profile patients with vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN), to evaluate natural history and to identify risk factors for persistence, progression and recurrence. At West China Second University Hospital, all patients with histologically confirmed VAIN over a five-year period with minimum foll...
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Published in: | Gynecologic oncology 2021-09, Vol.162 (3), p.584-589 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | to profile patients with vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN), to evaluate natural history and to identify risk factors for persistence, progression and recurrence.
At West China Second University Hospital, all patients with histologically confirmed VAIN over a five-year period with minimum follow-up of 6 months were retrospectively identified. Demographics, medical history and clinical information related to the diagnosis and treatment were extracted. Clinical outcomes included normalization, persistence, progression and recurrence. We evaluated risk factors by univariate and multivariate analyses.
A total of 1478 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria with a median follow-up of 14 months (range, 6–60 months). In 86.6% of patients, VAIN went into normalization, 6.4% persisted, 3.5% progressed and 3.5% recurred. Besides, 24 (7.1%) VAIN 3 patients and 4 (0.8%) progressed to cancer, accounting for 85.7% and 14.3% of cancer cases, respectively. VAIN 3 patients treated with excision yielded superior outcomes. Risk factors for persistence were HPV 16, 56, 59 and 43 infections, for progression were prior hysterectomy for cervical lesions and HPV 56 infection, for recurrence were HPV 61 infection.
Although VAIN will regress in most patients, there are still risks of persistence, recurrence and progression, even malignancy. Therefore, a long-term follow-up is recommended. Patients with VAIN 3 are at higher risk of progressing to cancer and excision is preferred. HPV 16, 56, 59 and 43 infections might associate with an increased risk of persistence and patients with prior hysterectomy for cervical lesions tend to progress.
•Although VAIN will regress in most patient, patients are still at risk of persistence, recurrence and progression.•Progression to vaginal cancer is rare, but the risk exists, especially for VAIN 3.•HPV 16, 56, 59 and 43 infections predict for persistence of VAIN.•Prior hysterectomy for cervical lesions is risk factor for progression of VAIN. |
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ISSN: | 0090-8258 1095-6859 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.ygyno.2021.06.027 |