Association between traumatic stressful events and schizotypal symptoms among a community-based sample of adolescents: A 2-year longitudinal study

Traumatic stressful events (TSEs) are among the most studied risk factors for subsequent schizotypal symptoms. However, specificity and aggregate effects of trauma exposure on schizotypal symptoms remain unclear. This study investigates these relationships among a community-based sample of US adoles...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Schizophrenia research 2021-07, Vol.233, p.44-51
Main Authors: Dong, Fanghong, Calkins, Monica E., Compton, Peggy, Medoff-Cooper, Barbara, Barzilay, Ran, Taylor, Jerome H., Moore, Tyler M., Gur, Ruben C., Gur, Raquel E., Hodgson, Nancy A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescence
Adolescent
Cohort Studies
Female
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Psychopathology
Psychosis spectrum symptoms
Psychotic Disorders - diagnosis
Psychotic Disorders - epidemiology
Psychotic Disorders - etiology
Risk factors
Schizotypal Personality Disorder - diagnosis
Schizotypal Personality Disorder - epidemiology
Schizotypy
Trauma
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Summary:Traumatic stressful events (TSEs) are among the most studied risk factors for subsequent schizotypal symptoms. However, specificity and aggregate effects of trauma exposure on schizotypal symptoms remain unclear. This study investigates these relationships among a community-based sample of US adolescents. A sub-sample of 426 adolescents (51.6% female) from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort study were selected for longitudinal follow-up based on presence (n = 209) or absence (n = 217) of psychosis spectrum symptoms (PSS). At baseline, they completed assessments of demographic, TSEs, other psychopathology (e.g., PSS, anxiety, depression, and behavioral disorder) and family history of psychopathology. Schizotypal symptom dimensions (cognitive-perceptual, interpersonal and disorganized) were evaluated approximately two years later. More than half of adolescents experienced at least one type of TSE. Adolescents with assaultive trauma reported about 1.5 times as many symptoms on all three schizotypal symptom dimensions, compared to adolescents with non-assaultive TSE, adjusting for demographic and family history variables. No statistical significance was found after further adjusting for other baseline psychopathology (p > 0.05). There was a significant aggregate effect of TSEs on cognitive-perceptual symptoms with small effect size (p 
ISSN:0920-9964
1573-2509
1573-2509
DOI:10.1016/j.schres.2021.06.029