Serum hepatitis B virus RNA level is associated with biochemical relapse in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection who discontinue nucleos(t)ide analogue treatment

Summary Background Nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) discontinuation may be attempted in carefully selected patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. Aim To investigate whether a novel serum marker of quantitative hepatitis B virus (HBV) RNA levels could predict biochemical relapse after NA disco...

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Published in:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 2021-09, Vol.54 (5), p.709-714
Main Authors: Xia, Muye, Chi, Heng, Wu, Yaobo, Hansen, Bettina E., Li, Zhandong, Liu, Shi, Liao, GuiChan, Zhang, Xiaoyong, Zhou, Bin, Hou, Jinlin, Sun, Jian, Janssen, Harry L. A., Peng, Jie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alanine
Alanine transaminase
Chronic infection
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B surface antigen
Interferon
Patients
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
RNA viruses
Transaminase
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Summary:Summary Background Nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) discontinuation may be attempted in carefully selected patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. Aim To investigate whether a novel serum marker of quantitative hepatitis B virus (HBV) RNA levels could predict biochemical relapse after NA discontinuation. Methods We prospepctively followed non‐cirrhotic Asian patients with CHB who stopped NA according to pre‐specified stopping criteria. The primary endpoint was biochemical relapse (HBV DNA >2000 IU/mL and alanine transaminase >2x upper limit of normal), which were also the re‐treatment criteria. Results Biochemical relapse occurred in 50 patients (48.3% at year 6). Multivariable analysis showed that higher HBV RNA levels (HR 1.34; P 
ISSN:0269-2813
1365-2036
DOI:10.1111/apt.16538