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Molecular characterization and genetic diversity of Loa loa parasites responsible of a long-delayed filarial infection in an immigrant patient inhabited in Paris
A 21-year-old young boy who lived alone since one year and a half ago in Paris was referred due to severe vertigo. He is originally from Ivory Coast but lived from 2011 to 2017 in Douala city in west of Cameroon. Beside vertigo, he complained from headache, sudden abdominal pain and edema in both le...
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| Published in: | Microbial pathogenesis 2021-09, Vol.158, p.105101-105101, Article 105101 |
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| creator | Akhoundi, Mohammad Marteau, Anthony Mechaï, Frederic Mantelet, Stéphane Izri, Arezki |
| description | A 21-year-old young boy who lived alone since one year and a half ago in Paris was referred due to severe vertigo. He is originally from Ivory Coast but lived from 2011 to 2017 in Douala city in west of Cameroon. Beside vertigo, he complained from headache, sudden abdominal pain and edema in both left and right forearms for about two years. General examination demonstrated a healthy condition with no subcutaneous nodules and swelling on any other part of the body, not splenomegaly or lymphadenopathy. Moreover, the eyes were normal with clear lens. Blood count analysis revealed a hypereosinophilia (2670*106/L, N: |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105101 |
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•We highlight long life span of Loa loa parasites and the competency to persist in our patient for at least one year and half.•Despite multiple clinical studies conducted on the loiasis in Cameroon, genetic diversity of Loa parasites is largely unknown.•In NJ tree of ITS1-rDNA of our patient and GenBank sequences, our sequence was clustered with Loa loa sequences from Gabon.•The clinicians should be aware of this parasitosis among the travelers or immigrants coming from endemic regions in Africa.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0882-4010</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1096-1208</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105101</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34303811</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Adult ; Animals ; Cameroon ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Genetic diversity ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Hypereosinophilia ; Loa - genetics ; Loa loa worm ; Loiasis - diagnosis ; Male ; Microfilaremia ; Molecular identification ; Parasites ; Paris ; Phylogeny ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Microbial pathogenesis, 2021-09, Vol.158, p.105101-105101, Article 105101</ispartof><rights>2021</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Ltd.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-3264e4ae26c186ce4d4bfca352ce4f62bfcc44824f12fcd66e3a3864f84c2183</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-3264e4ae26c186ce4d4bfca352ce4f62bfcc44824f12fcd66e3a3864f84c2183</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4672-9836</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34303811$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Akhoundi, Mohammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marteau, Anthony</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mechaï, Frederic</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mantelet, Stéphane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Izri, Arezki</creatorcontrib><title>Molecular characterization and genetic diversity of Loa loa parasites responsible of a long-delayed filarial infection in an immigrant patient inhabited in Paris</title><title>Microbial pathogenesis</title><addtitle>Microb Pathog</addtitle><description>A 21-year-old young boy who lived alone since one year and a half ago in Paris was referred due to severe vertigo. He is originally from Ivory Coast but lived from 2011 to 2017 in Douala city in west of Cameroon. Beside vertigo, he complained from headache, sudden abdominal pain and edema in both left and right forearms for about two years. General examination demonstrated a healthy condition with no subcutaneous nodules and swelling on any other part of the body, not splenomegaly or lymphadenopathy. Moreover, the eyes were normal with clear lens. Blood count analysis revealed a hypereosinophilia (2670*106/L, N: <500*106/L). A couple of direct and May-Grunwald-Giemsa stained smears, analyzed by microscopy revealed the semitransparent cylindrical worms with almost 300 μm length and 45 μm width identified as Loa loa. The identity of the worm was then confirmed by bidirectional sequencing of 450 bp fragment of internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1-rDNA). Based on Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic tree, our isolate was clustered tightly with other few Loa species from Gabon in the same clade. No hybrid was observed among processed sequences since all species groups were discriminated separately. In the current case, he was originally from Ivory Coast but absence of medical and epidemiological evidences as well as the residency of our patient for 6 years in Cameroon made us suspicious that the patient has been most likely infected by L. loa worms in this country. The patient was treated by a couple of ivermectin (200 µg/kg for 3 days) and diethylcarbamazine (3 mg/kg, 2 times per day for 4 weeks) and a favorable evolution was observed within few weeks. Regarding at least one year and a half interval between the probable Loa loa infection in Cameroon and diagnosis, Loa loa worms are competent to persist in the human host for several years. Consequently, the clinicians should be aware of this parasitosis among the travelers or immigrants coming from endemic regions in Africa.
•We highlight long life span of Loa loa parasites and the competency to persist in our patient for at least one year and half.•Despite multiple clinical studies conducted on the loiasis in Cameroon, genetic diversity of Loa parasites is largely unknown.•In NJ tree of ITS1-rDNA of our patient and GenBank sequences, our sequence was clustered with Loa loa sequences from Gabon.•The clinicians should be aware of this parasitosis among the travelers or immigrants coming from endemic regions in Africa.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Cameroon</subject><subject>Emigrants and Immigrants</subject><subject>Genetic diversity</subject><subject>Genetic Variation</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypereosinophilia</subject><subject>Loa - genetics</subject><subject>Loa loa worm</subject><subject>Loiasis - diagnosis</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Microfilaremia</subject><subject>Molecular identification</subject><subject>Parasites</subject><subject>Paris</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0882-4010</issn><issn>1096-1208</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFUU1vEzEQtRBVG9r-BJCPXDb4a63dE0IVBaQgOPRuOfY4mWh3vdhOpfBv-Kd4SeDKwRrP83tv5HmEvOZszRnX7w7rEd1sy34tmOAVayv8gqw463XDBetekhXrOtEoxtkNeZXzgTHWK9lfkxupJJMd5yvy62scwB0Hm6jb22RdgYQ_bcE4UTt5uoMJCjrq8RlSxnKiMdBNtHSoZ66CikGmCfIcp4zbARbC8jztGg-DPYGnAas_2oHiFMD98cbFnuI44i7ZqVSrglArTnu7rZZ-YXyvqnxHroIdMtxf6i15evz49PC52Xz79OXhw6ZxiovSSKEVKAtCO95pB8qrbXBWtqLegxa1cUp1QgUugvNag7Sy0yp0ygneyVvy9mw7p_jjCLmYEbODYbATxGM2om1bKUWv-0ptz1SXYs4JgpkTjjadDGdmCccczCUcs4RjzuFU3ZvLiON2BP9P9TeNSnh_JkD95zNCMtnVrTjwmOrejI_4nxG_AX_8prM</recordid><startdate>202109</startdate><enddate>202109</enddate><creator>Akhoundi, Mohammad</creator><creator>Marteau, Anthony</creator><creator>Mechaï, Frederic</creator><creator>Mantelet, Stéphane</creator><creator>Izri, Arezki</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4672-9836</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202109</creationdate><title>Molecular characterization and genetic diversity of Loa loa parasites responsible of a long-delayed filarial infection in an immigrant patient inhabited in Paris</title><author>Akhoundi, Mohammad ; Marteau, Anthony ; Mechaï, Frederic ; Mantelet, Stéphane ; Izri, Arezki</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-3264e4ae26c186ce4d4bfca352ce4f62bfcc44824f12fcd66e3a3864f84c2183</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Cameroon</topic><topic>Emigrants and Immigrants</topic><topic>Genetic diversity</topic><topic>Genetic Variation</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypereosinophilia</topic><topic>Loa - genetics</topic><topic>Loa loa worm</topic><topic>Loiasis - diagnosis</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Microfilaremia</topic><topic>Molecular identification</topic><topic>Parasites</topic><topic>Paris</topic><topic>Phylogeny</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Akhoundi, Mohammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marteau, Anthony</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mechaï, Frederic</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mantelet, Stéphane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Izri, Arezki</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Microbial pathogenesis</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Akhoundi, Mohammad</au><au>Marteau, Anthony</au><au>Mechaï, Frederic</au><au>Mantelet, Stéphane</au><au>Izri, Arezki</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Molecular characterization and genetic diversity of Loa loa parasites responsible of a long-delayed filarial infection in an immigrant patient inhabited in Paris</atitle><jtitle>Microbial pathogenesis</jtitle><addtitle>Microb Pathog</addtitle><date>2021-09</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>158</volume><spage>105101</spage><epage>105101</epage><pages>105101-105101</pages><artnum>105101</artnum><issn>0882-4010</issn><eissn>1096-1208</eissn><abstract>A 21-year-old young boy who lived alone since one year and a half ago in Paris was referred due to severe vertigo. He is originally from Ivory Coast but lived from 2011 to 2017 in Douala city in west of Cameroon. Beside vertigo, he complained from headache, sudden abdominal pain and edema in both left and right forearms for about two years. General examination demonstrated a healthy condition with no subcutaneous nodules and swelling on any other part of the body, not splenomegaly or lymphadenopathy. Moreover, the eyes were normal with clear lens. Blood count analysis revealed a hypereosinophilia (2670*106/L, N: <500*106/L). A couple of direct and May-Grunwald-Giemsa stained smears, analyzed by microscopy revealed the semitransparent cylindrical worms with almost 300 μm length and 45 μm width identified as Loa loa. The identity of the worm was then confirmed by bidirectional sequencing of 450 bp fragment of internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1-rDNA). Based on Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic tree, our isolate was clustered tightly with other few Loa species from Gabon in the same clade. No hybrid was observed among processed sequences since all species groups were discriminated separately. In the current case, he was originally from Ivory Coast but absence of medical and epidemiological evidences as well as the residency of our patient for 6 years in Cameroon made us suspicious that the patient has been most likely infected by L. loa worms in this country. The patient was treated by a couple of ivermectin (200 µg/kg for 3 days) and diethylcarbamazine (3 mg/kg, 2 times per day for 4 weeks) and a favorable evolution was observed within few weeks. Regarding at least one year and a half interval between the probable Loa loa infection in Cameroon and diagnosis, Loa loa worms are competent to persist in the human host for several years. Consequently, the clinicians should be aware of this parasitosis among the travelers or immigrants coming from endemic regions in Africa.
•We highlight long life span of Loa loa parasites and the competency to persist in our patient for at least one year and half.•Despite multiple clinical studies conducted on the loiasis in Cameroon, genetic diversity of Loa parasites is largely unknown.•In NJ tree of ITS1-rDNA of our patient and GenBank sequences, our sequence was clustered with Loa loa sequences from Gabon.•The clinicians should be aware of this parasitosis among the travelers or immigrants coming from endemic regions in Africa.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>34303811</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105101</doi><tpages>1</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4672-9836</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Microbial pathogenesis, 2021-09, Vol.158, p.105101-105101, Article 105101 |
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| subjects | Adult Animals Cameroon Emigrants and Immigrants Genetic diversity Genetic Variation Humans Hypereosinophilia Loa - genetics Loa loa worm Loiasis - diagnosis Male Microfilaremia Molecular identification Parasites Paris Phylogeny Young Adult |
| title | Molecular characterization and genetic diversity of Loa loa parasites responsible of a long-delayed filarial infection in an immigrant patient inhabited in Paris |
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