Gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids and hypertension: Mechanism and treatment

• Published in: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy 2020-10, Vol.130, p.110503-110503, Article 110503
• Main Authors: Yang, Fan, Chen, Hengwen, Gao, Yonghong, An, Na, Li, Xinye, Pan, Xiandu, Yang, Xinyu, Tian, Li, Sun, Jiahao, Xiong, Xingjiang, Xing, Yanwei
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Diet therapy; G protein-coupled receptors; Gut microbiota; Histone acetylation; Hypertension; Short-chain fatty acids
• ISSN: 0753-3322; 1950-6007
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110503

[Display omitted] •“SCFAs, as one of metabolites of gut microbiota, exert regulatory effects on HTN”.•“SCFAs improve HTN via activating GPCRs and inhibiting HDAC et al”.•“Brain-gut axis and Kidney-gut axis play significance role in BP regulation”.•“The Mediterranean diet, probiotics and other therapies regulate BP by affecting SCFAs”. Hypertension (HTN) is an growing emerging health issue around across the world. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the role of dysbacteriosis in HTN and its underlying mechanism. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are novel metabolites of intestinal flora, exert substantial regulatory effects on HTN, providing an exciting avenue for novel therapies for this disease. They function primarily by activating transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors and inhibiting histone acetylation. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms underlying the complex interaction between SCFAs and gut microbiota composition to lower blood pressure by regulating the brain–gut and kidney–gut axes, and the role of high-salt diet, immune system, oxidative stress, and inflammatory mechanism in the development of HTN. Furthermore, we also discuss the various treatment strategies for HTN, including diet, antibiotics, probiotics, fecal microflora transplantation, and traditional Chinese medicine. In conclusion, manipulation of SCFAs opens new avenues to improve treatment of HTN.