Proximal Femoral Fractures in Geriatric Patients: Identifying the Major Risk Factors for Postoperative Infection in a Single-Center Study

• Published in: The Israel Medical Association journal 2021-08, Vol.23 (8), p.494-496
• Main Authors: Marom, Omer, Yaacobi, Eyal, Shitrit, Pnina, Brin, Yaron, Cohen, Shimon, Segal, David, Ohana, Nissim
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 1565-1088

BACKGROUNDProximal femoral fractures (PFF) are among the most common injuries in the elderly population treated by orthopedic surgeons. Postoperative complications, especially infections, are of great importance due to their effect on patient mortality and morbidity and healthcare costs. OBJECTIVESTo assess the main causes for postoperative infection among PFF patients. METHODSWe conducted a retrospective analysis of PFF patients in our medical center between 2015 and 2017. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether there was postoperative infection during immediate hospitalization and 30 days after surgery. Factors such as time from admission to surgery, duration of surgery, and length of stay were analyzed. Groups were analyzed and compared using a t-test, chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests. RESULTSOf 1276 patients, 859 (67%) underwent closed reduction internal fixation, 67 (5%) underwent total hip arthroplasty, and 350 (28%) underwent hemiarthroplasty. Of the total, 38 patients (3%) were diagnosed with postoperative infection. The demographics and co-morbidities were similar between the two study groups. The incident of infection was the highest among patients undergoing hemiarthroplasty (6%, P < 0.0001). Length of hospitalization (15 vs. 8 days, P = 0.0001) and operative time (117 vs. 77 minutes, P = 0.0001) were found to be the most significant risk factors for postoperative infection. CONCLUSIONSPredisposition to postoperative infections in PPF patients was associated with prolonged length of surgery and longer hospitalization. We recommend optimizing fast discharge, selecting the appropriate type of surgery, and improving surgical planning to reduce intraoperative delays and length of surgery.