Treatment of Donor-derived Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Infection after Renal Transplantation with Tigecycline and Extended-infusion Meropenem

• Published in: Current medical science 2021-08, Vol.41 (4), p.770-776
• Main Authors: Wang, Zhi-qiang, Guo, Zhi-liang, Feng, Hao, Fu, Cheng, Zhao, Guang-yuan, Ma, Ke, Zhu, Lan, Chen, Gang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Bacterial Proteins - genetics; beta-Lactamases - genetics; Carbapenems - adverse effects; Carbapenems - pharmacology; Child; Drug Resistance, Bacterial - genetics; Female; Humans; Infant; Kidney Transplantation - adverse effects; Klebsiella Infections - drug therapy; Klebsiella Infections - etiology; Klebsiella Infections - microbiology; Klebsiella pneumoniae - drug effects; Klebsiella pneumoniae - pathogenicity; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Meropenem - pharmacology; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Tigecycline - pharmacology; Tissue Donors; Young Adult
• ISSN: 2096-5230; 2523-899X
• DOI: 10.1007/s11596-021-2397-z

Objective Donor-derived carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infection has recently emerged as a critical early complication after renal transplantation. Although CRKP is usually sensitive to tigecycline, monotherapy with this drug is often less than effective. We investigated the efficacy of a combined regimen of tigecycline with high-dose, extended-infusion meropenem in the treatment of donor-derived CRKP infection after kidney transplantation. Methods From Jan. 2016 to Dec. 2017, a total of 12 CRKP isolates were detected from cultures of the organ preservation solution used for soaking the donor kidneys at our institute. Probable or possible donor-derived infection (DDI) was identified in 8 transplant recipients. Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Results Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-2 (KPC-2)-producing CRKP was reported to be positive in organ preservation solution cultures at 3.5±0.9 days after transplantation, leading to surgical site ( n =3), urinary tract ( n =4), and/or bloodstream ( n =2) infections in 8 recipients. The drug susceptibility tests showed that CRKP was sensitive to tigecycline, but resistant to meropenem. In 7 patients who received tigecycline combined with high-dose extended-infusion meropenem, DDIs were successfully cured. The length of hospital stay was 31 (18–129) days, and the serum creatinine at discharge was 105.8±16.7 µmol/L. The one remaining patient who received tigecycline combined with intravenous-drip meropenem died of septic shock. A median follow-up of 43 months (33–55) showed no recurrence of new CRKP infection in the 7 surviving recipients. Conclusion It was suggested that a prompt and appropriate combination therapy using tigecycline with high-dose extended-infusion meropenem is effective in treating donor-derived KPC-2-producing CRKP infection after renal transplantation.