The effect of exercise for improving bone health in cancer survivors — A systematic review and meta-analysis

To evaluate the effectiveness of exercise for improving bone-related outcomes among cancer survivors. Systematic review and meta-analysis. An electronic search using the following databases: SPORTDiscus, Science Direct, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Pubmed, Ebscohost, ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of science and medicine in sport 2022-01, Vol.25 (1), p.31-40
Main Authors: Singh, Benjamin, Toohey, Kellie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerobic exercise
Bias
Bone
Bone Density
Breast cancer
Breast Neoplasms - therapy
Cancer Survivors
Cancer therapies
Chemotherapy
Endocrine therapy
Exercise
Exercise intensity
Exercise oncology
Exercise Therapy
Female
Fractures
Humans
Intervention
Meta-analysis
Neoplasm
Osteoporosis
Physical fitness
Prostate cancer
Quality of life
Resistance exercise
Software
Supervision
Systematic review
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Summary:To evaluate the effectiveness of exercise for improving bone-related outcomes among cancer survivors. Systematic review and meta-analysis. An electronic search using the following databases: SPORTDiscus, Science Direct, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Pubmed, Ebscohost, ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health Source. Randomised, controlled, exercise trials involving cancer survivors were eligible. Effect data on bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) outcomes were extracted. Risk of bias was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database tool. Standardised mean differences (SMD) were calculated to compare differences between exercise and usual care. Subgroup analyses were conducted to assess whether effect differed by exercise mode, intervention length, supervision, treatment, cancer type and risk of bias. Twenty-six trials were included, with intervention durations ranging between 12 weeks and 2 years. Most trials involved breast cancer (n = 13, 50%), and most interventions were supervised (n = 18, 69%) and evaluated mixed-mode (i.e., combined aerobic and resistance) exercise (n = 13, 50%). Significant effects in favour of exercise (aerobic, resistance, mixed-mode and other exercise) were observed for whole body BMD, hip BMD, trochanter BMD and femoral neck BMD (SMD range: 0.19–0.39, all p 
ISSN:1440-2440
1878-1861
DOI:10.1016/j.jsams.2021.08.008