Preoperative assessment of microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma using non-Gaussian diffusion-weighted imaging with a fractional order calculus model: A pilot study

• Published in: Magnetic resonance imaging 2023-01, Vol.95, p.110-117
• Main Authors: Chen, Jiejun, Guo, Yixian, Guo, Yinglong, Jiang, Mengmeng, Zhang, Yunfei, Dai, Yongming, Yao, Xiuzhong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Calculi; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - diagnostic imaging; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - pathology; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods; Fractional order calculus model; Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); Humans; Liver Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging; Liver Neoplasms - pathology; Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); Microvascular invasion (MVI); Pilot Projects; Retrospective Studies
• ISSN: 0730-725X; 1873-5894
• DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2021.09.003

To assess the clinical potential of a set of new diffusion parameters (D, β, and μ) derived from fractional order calculus (FROC) diffusion model in predicting microvascular invasion (MVI) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Between January 2019 to November 2020, a total of 63 patients with HCC were enrolled in this study. Diffusion-weighted images were acquired by using ten b-values (0–2000 s/mm2). The FROC model parameters including diffusion coefficient (D), fractional order parameter (β), a microstructural quantity (μ) together with a conventional apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were calculated. Intraclass coefficients were calculated for assessing the agreement of parameters quantified by two radiologists. The differences of these values between the MVI-positive and MVI-negative HCC groups were compared by using independent sample t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test. Then the parameters showing significant differences between subgroups, including the β and D, were integrated to develop a comprehensive predictive model via binary logistic regression. The diagnostic performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Among all the studied diffusion parameters, significant differences were found in D, β, and ADC between the MVI-positive and MVI-negative groups. MVI-positive HCCs showed significantly higher β values (0.65 ± 0.17 vs. 0.51 ± 0.13, P = 0.001), along with lower D values (0.84 ± 0.11 μm2/ms vs. 1.03 ± 0.13 μm2/ms, P