Erythrocyte fatty acid membrane composition in children on long-term parenteral nutrition enriched with ω-3 fatty acids

• Published in: The American journal of clinical nutrition 2022-02, Vol.115 (2), p.422-431
• Main Authors: Goulet, Olivier, Lamazière, Antonin, Abi Nader, Elie, Talbotec, Cécile, Wolf, Claude, Lambe, Cécile
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Arachidonic acid; Bilirubin; Bilirubin - blood; Child; Child, Preschool; Children; cholestatic liver disease; Citrulline; Composition; Cross-Sectional Studies; Emulsions; Erythrocyte Membrane - chemistry; erythrocyte membrane fatty acid profile; Erythrocytes; essential fatty acids; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; Fatty acids; Fatty Acids - blood; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - administration & dosage; Female; Fish oils; Fish Oils - administration & dosage; fish oil–based intravenous lipid emulsion; Food, Fortified; Holman ratio; home parenteral nutrition; Humans; intestinal failure; Intestinal Failure - blood; Intestinal Failure - therapy; Lipids; Male; Membrane composition; Nutrition; Olive oil; Olive Oil - administration & dosage; Parameters; Parenteral nutrition; Parenteral Nutrition, Home - methods; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; SMOFlipid; Soybean oil; Soybean Oil - administration & dosage; Soybeans; Treatment Outcome; Triglycerides; Triglycerides - administration & dosage; ω-3 fatty acids
• ISSN: 0002-9165; 1938-3207
• DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab263

Composite lipid emulsions containing soybean oil (30%), medium-chain triglycerides (30%), olive oil (25%), and fish oil (15%) (SMOF) are now widely used. We aimed to evaluate the tolerance, the efficiency, and the erythrocyte fatty acid (FA) profile for children on long-term home parenteral nutrition (HPN) receiving a composite fish oil–based emulsion (FOLE). At baseline, children (n = 46) with severe intestinal failure highly dependent on parenteral nutrition (PN) for ≥1 y were included in the study when they had received the composite FOLE for >6 mo. Out of this baseline group, only 25 children remained highly PN-dependent (SMOF1, n = 25) and could be assessed a second time, 2.4 y later (SMOF2, n = 25). An independent control group (“weaned off PN” group; n = 24) included children who had been weaned off PN for >2 y (median: 4 y). RBC-FA composition was established by GC-MS. Growth parameters, plasma citrulline, conjugated bilirubin, FA profiles, and the Holman ratio (20:3ω-9/20:4ω-6) were compared between groups. No difference for growth parameters, citrulline, and bilirubin was observed between the SMOF groups after 2.4 y (0.2