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Impaired postprandial skeletal muscle vascular responses to a mixed meal challenge in normoglycaemic people with a parent with type 2 diabetes
Aims/hypothesis Microvascular blood flow (MBF) increases in skeletal muscle postprandially to aid in glucose delivery and uptake in muscle. This vascular action is impaired in individuals who are obese or have type 2 diabetes. Whether MBF is impaired in normoglycaemic people at risk of type 2 diabet...
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| Published in: | Diabetologia 2022, Vol.65 (1), p.216-225 |
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| container_issue | 1 |
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| container_title | Diabetologia |
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| creator | Russell, Ryan D. Roberts-Thomson, Katherine M. Hu, Donghua Greenaway, Timothy Betik, Andrew C. Parker, Lewan Sharman, James E. Richards, Stephen M. Rattigan, Stephen Premilovac, Dino Wadley, Glenn D. Keske, Michelle A. |
| description | Aims/hypothesis
Microvascular blood flow (MBF) increases in skeletal muscle postprandially to aid in glucose delivery and uptake in muscle. This vascular action is impaired in individuals who are obese or have type 2 diabetes. Whether MBF is impaired in normoglycaemic people at risk of type 2 diabetes is unknown. We aimed to determine whether apparently healthy people at risk of type 2 diabetes display impaired skeletal muscle microvascular responses to a mixed-nutrient meal.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, participants with no family history of type 2 diabetes (FH−) for two generations (
n
= 18), participants with a positive family history of type 2 diabetes (FH+; i.e. a parent with type 2 diabetes;
n
= 16) and those with type 2 diabetes (
n
= 12) underwent a mixed meal challenge (MMC). Metabolic responses (blood glucose, plasma insulin and indirect calorimetry) were measured before and during the MMC. Skeletal muscle large artery haemodynamics (2D and Doppler ultrasound, and Mobil-O-graph) and microvascular responses (contrast-enhanced ultrasound) were measured at baseline and 1 h post MMC.
Results
Despite normal blood glucose concentrations, FH+ individuals displayed impaired metabolic flexibility (reduced ability to switch from fat to carbohydrate oxidation vs FH−;
p
|
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00125-021-05572-7 |
| format | article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2578150913</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2608261282</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-e126c6739d8e05f5aacf36dbeac577d51aead2ee3e968936afd0bab163aa15643</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kctu1jAQhS0Eoj-FF2CBLLFhE_AltpMlqrhUqsQGJHbWxJm0KXZs7KTwvwTPjEsKSCxYeaz5zpnRHEKecvaSM2ZeFca4UA0TvGFKGdGYe-TAWyka1oruPjnc9hve6c8n5FEp14wxqVr9kJzIVvWMG3UgP85DgjnjSFMsa8qwjDN4Wr6gx7UWYSvOI72B4jYPmWYsKS4FC10jBRrm71UasJLuCrzH5RLpvNAl5hAv_dEBhtnRhDFVl2_zelVFCTIu6_5bjwmpoHXogCuWx-TBBL7gk7v3lHx6--bj2fvm4sO787PXF41reb82yIV22sh-7JCpSQG4SepxQHDKmFFxQBgFosRed73UMI1sgIFrCcCVbuUpebH7phy_blhWG-bi0HtYMG7FCmU6rljPZUWf_4Nexy0vdTsrNOuE5qITlRI75XIsJeNkU54D5KPlzN6mZfe0bE3L_krLmip6dme9DQHHP5Lf8VRA7kCprXra_Hf2f2x_AucZosQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2608261282</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Impaired postprandial skeletal muscle vascular responses to a mixed meal challenge in normoglycaemic people with a parent with type 2 diabetes</title><source>Springer Nature</source><creator>Russell, Ryan D. ; Roberts-Thomson, Katherine M. ; Hu, Donghua ; Greenaway, Timothy ; Betik, Andrew C. ; Parker, Lewan ; Sharman, James E. ; Richards, Stephen M. ; Rattigan, Stephen ; Premilovac, Dino ; Wadley, Glenn D. ; Keske, Michelle A.</creator><creatorcontrib>Russell, Ryan D. ; Roberts-Thomson, Katherine M. ; Hu, Donghua ; Greenaway, Timothy ; Betik, Andrew C. ; Parker, Lewan ; Sharman, James E. ; Richards, Stephen M. ; Rattigan, Stephen ; Premilovac, Dino ; Wadley, Glenn D. ; Keske, Michelle A.</creatorcontrib><description><![CDATA[Aims/hypothesis
Microvascular blood flow (MBF) increases in skeletal muscle postprandially to aid in glucose delivery and uptake in muscle. This vascular action is impaired in individuals who are obese or have type 2 diabetes. Whether MBF is impaired in normoglycaemic people at risk of type 2 diabetes is unknown. We aimed to determine whether apparently healthy people at risk of type 2 diabetes display impaired skeletal muscle microvascular responses to a mixed-nutrient meal.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, participants with no family history of type 2 diabetes (FH−) for two generations (
n
= 18), participants with a positive family history of type 2 diabetes (FH+; i.e. a parent with type 2 diabetes;
n
= 16) and those with type 2 diabetes (
n
= 12) underwent a mixed meal challenge (MMC). Metabolic responses (blood glucose, plasma insulin and indirect calorimetry) were measured before and during the MMC. Skeletal muscle large artery haemodynamics (2D and Doppler ultrasound, and Mobil-O-graph) and microvascular responses (contrast-enhanced ultrasound) were measured at baseline and 1 h post MMC.
Results
Despite normal blood glucose concentrations, FH+ individuals displayed impaired metabolic flexibility (reduced ability to switch from fat to carbohydrate oxidation vs FH−;
p
< 0.05) during the MMC. The MMC increased forearm muscle microvascular blood volume in both the FH− (1.3-fold,
p
< 0.01) and FH+ (1.3-fold,
p
< 0.05) groups but not in participants with type 2 diabetes. However, the MMC increased MBF (1.9-fold,
p
< 0.01), brachial artery diameter (1.1-fold,
p
< 0.01) and brachial artery blood flow (1.7-fold,
p
< 0.001) and reduced vascular resistance (0.7-fold,
p
< 0.001) only in FH− participants, with these changes being absent in FH+ and type 2 diabetes. Participants with type 2 diabetes displayed significantly higher vascular stiffness (
p
< 0.001) compared with those in the FH− and FH+ groups; however, vascular stiffness did not change during the MMC in any participant group.
Conclusions/interpretation
Normoglycaemic FH+ participants display impaired postprandial skeletal muscle macro- and microvascular responses, suggesting that poor vascular responses to a meal may contribute to their increased risk of type 2 diabetes. We conclude that vascular insulin resistance may be an early precursor to type 2 diabetes in humans, which can be revealed using an MMC.
Graphical abstract]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0012-186X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-0428</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05572-7</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34590175</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Blood flow ; Blood glucose ; Blood Glucose - metabolism ; Calorimetry ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism ; Doppler effect ; Forearm ; Glucose ; Hemodynamics ; Human Physiology ; Humans ; Insulin ; Insulin - metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Internal Medicine ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Metabolic Diseases ; Metabolic response ; Metabolism ; Microvasculature ; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism ; Musculoskeletal system ; Oxidation ; Parents ; Postprandial Period ; Skeletal muscle ; Ultrasonic imaging ; Ultrasound ; Veins & arteries</subject><ispartof>Diabetologia, 2022, Vol.65 (1), p.216-225</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021</rights><rights>2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-e126c6739d8e05f5aacf36dbeac577d51aead2ee3e968936afd0bab163aa15643</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-e126c6739d8e05f5aacf36dbeac577d51aead2ee3e968936afd0bab163aa15643</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-2770-4713 ; 0000-0001-5871-3917 ; 0000-0001-8294-9719 ; 0000-0002-0950-4972 ; 0000-0003-2654-5212 ; 0000-0001-6172-3040 ; 0000-0002-5988-0423 ; 0000-0002-5372-1851 ; 0000-0002-6617-4359 ; 0000-0003-4214-7628 ; 0000-0002-1275-1472 ; 0000-0003-2792-0811</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34590175$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Russell, Ryan D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roberts-Thomson, Katherine M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Donghua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Greenaway, Timothy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Betik, Andrew C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parker, Lewan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sharman, James E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Richards, Stephen M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rattigan, Stephen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Premilovac, Dino</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wadley, Glenn D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keske, Michelle A.</creatorcontrib><title>Impaired postprandial skeletal muscle vascular responses to a mixed meal challenge in normoglycaemic people with a parent with type 2 diabetes</title><title>Diabetologia</title><addtitle>Diabetologia</addtitle><addtitle>Diabetologia</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Aims/hypothesis
Microvascular blood flow (MBF) increases in skeletal muscle postprandially to aid in glucose delivery and uptake in muscle. This vascular action is impaired in individuals who are obese or have type 2 diabetes. Whether MBF is impaired in normoglycaemic people at risk of type 2 diabetes is unknown. We aimed to determine whether apparently healthy people at risk of type 2 diabetes display impaired skeletal muscle microvascular responses to a mixed-nutrient meal.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, participants with no family history of type 2 diabetes (FH−) for two generations (
n
= 18), participants with a positive family history of type 2 diabetes (FH+; i.e. a parent with type 2 diabetes;
n
= 16) and those with type 2 diabetes (
n
= 12) underwent a mixed meal challenge (MMC). Metabolic responses (blood glucose, plasma insulin and indirect calorimetry) were measured before and during the MMC. Skeletal muscle large artery haemodynamics (2D and Doppler ultrasound, and Mobil-O-graph) and microvascular responses (contrast-enhanced ultrasound) were measured at baseline and 1 h post MMC.
Results
Despite normal blood glucose concentrations, FH+ individuals displayed impaired metabolic flexibility (reduced ability to switch from fat to carbohydrate oxidation vs FH−;
p
< 0.05) during the MMC. The MMC increased forearm muscle microvascular blood volume in both the FH− (1.3-fold,
p
< 0.01) and FH+ (1.3-fold,
p
< 0.05) groups but not in participants with type 2 diabetes. However, the MMC increased MBF (1.9-fold,
p
< 0.01), brachial artery diameter (1.1-fold,
p
< 0.01) and brachial artery blood flow (1.7-fold,
p
< 0.001) and reduced vascular resistance (0.7-fold,
p
< 0.001) only in FH− participants, with these changes being absent in FH+ and type 2 diabetes. Participants with type 2 diabetes displayed significantly higher vascular stiffness (
p
< 0.001) compared with those in the FH− and FH+ groups; however, vascular stiffness did not change during the MMC in any participant group.
Conclusions/interpretation
Normoglycaemic FH+ participants display impaired postprandial skeletal muscle macro- and microvascular responses, suggesting that poor vascular responses to a meal may contribute to their increased risk of type 2 diabetes. We conclude that vascular insulin resistance may be an early precursor to type 2 diabetes in humans, which can be revealed using an MMC.
Graphical abstract]]></description><subject>Blood flow</subject><subject>Blood glucose</subject><subject>Blood Glucose - metabolism</subject><subject>Calorimetry</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism</subject><subject>Doppler effect</subject><subject>Forearm</subject><subject>Glucose</subject><subject>Hemodynamics</subject><subject>Human Physiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Insulin</subject><subject>Insulin - metabolism</subject><subject>Insulin Resistance</subject><subject>Internal Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Metabolic Diseases</subject><subject>Metabolic response</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Microvasculature</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism</subject><subject>Musculoskeletal system</subject><subject>Oxidation</subject><subject>Parents</subject><subject>Postprandial Period</subject><subject>Skeletal muscle</subject><subject>Ultrasonic imaging</subject><subject>Ultrasound</subject><subject>Veins & arteries</subject><issn>0012-186X</issn><issn>1432-0428</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kctu1jAQhS0Eoj-FF2CBLLFhE_AltpMlqrhUqsQGJHbWxJm0KXZs7KTwvwTPjEsKSCxYeaz5zpnRHEKecvaSM2ZeFca4UA0TvGFKGdGYe-TAWyka1oruPjnc9hve6c8n5FEp14wxqVr9kJzIVvWMG3UgP85DgjnjSFMsa8qwjDN4Wr6gx7UWYSvOI72B4jYPmWYsKS4FC10jBRrm71UasJLuCrzH5RLpvNAl5hAv_dEBhtnRhDFVl2_zelVFCTIu6_5bjwmpoHXogCuWx-TBBL7gk7v3lHx6--bj2fvm4sO787PXF41reb82yIV22sh-7JCpSQG4SepxQHDKmFFxQBgFosRed73UMI1sgIFrCcCVbuUpebH7phy_blhWG-bi0HtYMG7FCmU6rljPZUWf_4Nexy0vdTsrNOuE5qITlRI75XIsJeNkU54D5KPlzN6mZfe0bE3L_krLmip6dme9DQHHP5Lf8VRA7kCprXra_Hf2f2x_AucZosQ</recordid><startdate>2022</startdate><enddate>2022</enddate><creator>Russell, Ryan D.</creator><creator>Roberts-Thomson, Katherine M.</creator><creator>Hu, Donghua</creator><creator>Greenaway, Timothy</creator><creator>Betik, Andrew C.</creator><creator>Parker, Lewan</creator><creator>Sharman, James E.</creator><creator>Richards, Stephen M.</creator><creator>Rattigan, Stephen</creator><creator>Premilovac, Dino</creator><creator>Wadley, Glenn D.</creator><creator>Keske, Michelle A.</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2770-4713</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5871-3917</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8294-9719</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0950-4972</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2654-5212</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6172-3040</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5988-0423</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5372-1851</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6617-4359</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4214-7628</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1275-1472</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2792-0811</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>2022</creationdate><title>Impaired postprandial skeletal muscle vascular responses to a mixed meal challenge in normoglycaemic people with a parent with type 2 diabetes</title><author>Russell, Ryan D. ; Roberts-Thomson, Katherine M. ; Hu, Donghua ; Greenaway, Timothy ; Betik, Andrew C. ; Parker, Lewan ; Sharman, James E. ; Richards, Stephen M. ; Rattigan, Stephen ; Premilovac, Dino ; Wadley, Glenn D. ; Keske, Michelle A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-e126c6739d8e05f5aacf36dbeac577d51aead2ee3e968936afd0bab163aa15643</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Blood flow</topic><topic>Blood glucose</topic><topic>Blood Glucose - metabolism</topic><topic>Calorimetry</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism</topic><topic>Doppler effect</topic><topic>Forearm</topic><topic>Glucose</topic><topic>Hemodynamics</topic><topic>Human Physiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Insulin</topic><topic>Insulin - metabolism</topic><topic>Insulin Resistance</topic><topic>Internal Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Metabolic Diseases</topic><topic>Metabolic response</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Microvasculature</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism</topic><topic>Musculoskeletal system</topic><topic>Oxidation</topic><topic>Parents</topic><topic>Postprandial Period</topic><topic>Skeletal muscle</topic><topic>Ultrasonic imaging</topic><topic>Ultrasound</topic><topic>Veins & arteries</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Russell, Ryan D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roberts-Thomson, Katherine M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Donghua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Greenaway, Timothy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Betik, Andrew C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parker, Lewan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sharman, James E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Richards, Stephen M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rattigan, Stephen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Premilovac, Dino</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wadley, Glenn D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keske, Michelle A.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Diabetologia</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Russell, Ryan D.</au><au>Roberts-Thomson, Katherine M.</au><au>Hu, Donghua</au><au>Greenaway, Timothy</au><au>Betik, Andrew C.</au><au>Parker, Lewan</au><au>Sharman, James E.</au><au>Richards, Stephen M.</au><au>Rattigan, Stephen</au><au>Premilovac, Dino</au><au>Wadley, Glenn D.</au><au>Keske, Michelle A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Impaired postprandial skeletal muscle vascular responses to a mixed meal challenge in normoglycaemic people with a parent with type 2 diabetes</atitle><jtitle>Diabetologia</jtitle><stitle>Diabetologia</stitle><addtitle>Diabetologia</addtitle><date>2022</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>65</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>216</spage><epage>225</epage><pages>216-225</pages><issn>0012-186X</issn><eissn>1432-0428</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[Aims/hypothesis
Microvascular blood flow (MBF) increases in skeletal muscle postprandially to aid in glucose delivery and uptake in muscle. This vascular action is impaired in individuals who are obese or have type 2 diabetes. Whether MBF is impaired in normoglycaemic people at risk of type 2 diabetes is unknown. We aimed to determine whether apparently healthy people at risk of type 2 diabetes display impaired skeletal muscle microvascular responses to a mixed-nutrient meal.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, participants with no family history of type 2 diabetes (FH−) for two generations (
n
= 18), participants with a positive family history of type 2 diabetes (FH+; i.e. a parent with type 2 diabetes;
n
= 16) and those with type 2 diabetes (
n
= 12) underwent a mixed meal challenge (MMC). Metabolic responses (blood glucose, plasma insulin and indirect calorimetry) were measured before and during the MMC. Skeletal muscle large artery haemodynamics (2D and Doppler ultrasound, and Mobil-O-graph) and microvascular responses (contrast-enhanced ultrasound) were measured at baseline and 1 h post MMC.
Results
Despite normal blood glucose concentrations, FH+ individuals displayed impaired metabolic flexibility (reduced ability to switch from fat to carbohydrate oxidation vs FH−;
p
< 0.05) during the MMC. The MMC increased forearm muscle microvascular blood volume in both the FH− (1.3-fold,
p
< 0.01) and FH+ (1.3-fold,
p
< 0.05) groups but not in participants with type 2 diabetes. However, the MMC increased MBF (1.9-fold,
p
< 0.01), brachial artery diameter (1.1-fold,
p
< 0.01) and brachial artery blood flow (1.7-fold,
p
< 0.001) and reduced vascular resistance (0.7-fold,
p
< 0.001) only in FH− participants, with these changes being absent in FH+ and type 2 diabetes. Participants with type 2 diabetes displayed significantly higher vascular stiffness (
p
< 0.001) compared with those in the FH− and FH+ groups; however, vascular stiffness did not change during the MMC in any participant group.
Conclusions/interpretation
Normoglycaemic FH+ participants display impaired postprandial skeletal muscle macro- and microvascular responses, suggesting that poor vascular responses to a meal may contribute to their increased risk of type 2 diabetes. We conclude that vascular insulin resistance may be an early precursor to type 2 diabetes in humans, which can be revealed using an MMC.
Graphical abstract]]></abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>34590175</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00125-021-05572-7</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2770-4713</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5871-3917</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8294-9719</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0950-4972</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2654-5212</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6172-3040</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5988-0423</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5372-1851</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6617-4359</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4214-7628</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1275-1472</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2792-0811</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0012-186X |
| ispartof | Diabetologia, 2022, Vol.65 (1), p.216-225 |
| issn | 0012-186X 1432-0428 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2578150913 |
| source | Springer Nature |
| subjects | Blood flow Blood glucose Blood Glucose - metabolism Calorimetry Cross-Sectional Studies Diabetes Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism Doppler effect Forearm Glucose Hemodynamics Human Physiology Humans Insulin Insulin - metabolism Insulin Resistance Internal Medicine Medicine Medicine & Public Health Metabolic Diseases Metabolic response Metabolism Microvasculature Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism Musculoskeletal system Oxidation Parents Postprandial Period Skeletal muscle Ultrasonic imaging Ultrasound Veins & arteries |
| title | Impaired postprandial skeletal muscle vascular responses to a mixed meal challenge in normoglycaemic people with a parent with type 2 diabetes |
| url | http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-30T21%3A31%3A29IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Impaired%20postprandial%20skeletal%20muscle%20vascular%20responses%20to%20a%20mixed%20meal%20challenge%20in%20normoglycaemic%20people%20with%20a%20parent%20with%20type%202%20diabetes&rft.jtitle=Diabetologia&rft.au=Russell,%20Ryan%20D.&rft.date=2022&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=216&rft.epage=225&rft.pages=216-225&rft.issn=0012-186X&rft.eissn=1432-0428&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s00125-021-05572-7&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2608261282%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-e126c6739d8e05f5aacf36dbeac577d51aead2ee3e968936afd0bab163aa15643%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2608261282&rft_id=info:pmid/34590175&rfr_iscdi=true |