Designer nanoparticles for plant cell culture systems: Mechanisms of elicitation and harnessing of specialized metabolites

Plant cell culture systems have become an attractive and sustainable approach to produce high‐value and commercially significant metabolites under controlled conditions. Strategies involving elicitor supplementation into plant cell culture media are employed to mimic natural conditions for increasin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BioEssays 2021-11, Vol.43 (11), p.e2100081-n/a
Main Authors: Arya, Sagar S., Lenka, Sangram K., Cahill, David M., Rookes, James E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cell culture
Controlled conditions
controlled release
Culture media
Cytotoxicity
elicitation
Gene regulation
hairy root culture
harvesting
Metabolic pathways
Metabolites
Microorganisms
Nanoparticles
plant cell culture systems
Plant hormones
specialized metabolites
Supplements
Toxicity
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Summary:Plant cell culture systems have become an attractive and sustainable approach to produce high‐value and commercially significant metabolites under controlled conditions. Strategies involving elicitor supplementation into plant cell culture media are employed to mimic natural conditions for increasing the metabolite yield. Studies on nanoparticles (NPs) that have investigated elicitation of specialized metabolism have shown the potential of NPs to be a substitute for biotic elicitors such as phytohormones and microbial extracts. Customizable physicochemical characteristics allow the design of monodispersed‐, stimulus‐responsive‐, and hormone‐carrying‐NPs of precise geometries to enhance their elicitation capabilities based on target metabolite/plant cell culture type. We contextualize advances in NP‐mediated elicitation, especially stimulation of specialized metabolic pathways, the underlying mechanisms, impacts on gene regulation, and NP‐associated cytotoxicity. The novelty of the concept lies in unleashing the potential of designer NPs to enhance yield, harness metabolites, and transform nanoelicitation from exploratory investigations to a commercially viable strategy. Nanoparticle‐mediated elicitation and harvesting of specialized metabolites in plant cell culture systems; pale green hexagons identify opportunities for further exploration to improve nanoparticle assisted elicitation, hexagons with question marks represent unidentified future opportunities for the field.
ISSN:0265-9247
1521-1878
DOI:10.1002/bies.202100081