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Identification of a multi-stack structure of graphene electrodes doped layer-by-layer with benzimidazole and its implication for the design of optoelectronic devices

Optical properties of benzimidazole (BI)-doped layer-by-layer graphene differ significantly from those of intrinsic graphene. Our study based on transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth profiling reveals that such a difference stems from its peculiar stratified geo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Optics express 2021-07, Vol.29 (15), p.23131-23141
Main Authors: Cho, Hyunsu, Song, Jinouk, Shin, Jin-Wook, Moon, Jaehyun, Kwon, Byoung-Hwa, Lee, Jeong-Ik, Yoo, Seunghyup, Cho, Nam Sung
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Optical properties of benzimidazole (BI)-doped layer-by-layer graphene differ significantly from those of intrinsic graphene. Our study based on transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth profiling reveals that such a difference stems from its peculiar stratified geometry formed in situ during the doping process. This work presents an effective thickness and optical constants that can treat these multi-stacked BI-doped graphene electrodes as a single equivalent medium. For verification, the efficiency and angular emission spectra of organic light-emitting diodes with the BI-doped graphene electrode are modeled with the proposed method, and we demonstrate that the calculation matches experimental results in a much narrower margin than that based on the optical properties of undoped graphene.
ISSN:1094-4087
1094-4087
DOI:10.1364/OE.430149