Recent Advances and Challenges in Photoreforming of Biomass‐Derived Feedstocks into Hydrogen, Biofuels, or Chemicals by Using Functional Carbon Nitride Photocatalysts

Photoreforming of biomass into hydrogen, biofuels, and chemicals is highly desired, yet this field of research is still in its infancy. Developing an efficient, novel, and environmentally friendly photocatalyst is key to achieving these goals. To date, the nonmetallic and eco‐friendly material carbo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:ChemSusChem 2021-11, Vol.14 (22), p.4903-4922
Main Authors: Ma, Jiliang, Liu, Kangning, Yang, Xiaopan, Jin, Dongnv, Li, Yancong, Jiao, Gaojie, Zhou, Jinghui, Sun, Runcang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biodiesel fuels
Biofuels
Biomass
Carbon
Carbon nitride
Catalytic activity
Design modifications
Electromagnetic absorption
Hydrogen
Nitrogenation
Photocatalysis
Photocatalysts
photoreforming
Reforming
waste valorization
Water splitting
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Summary:Photoreforming of biomass into hydrogen, biofuels, and chemicals is highly desired, yet this field of research is still in its infancy. Developing an efficient, novel, and environmentally friendly photocatalyst is key to achieving these goals. To date, the nonmetallic and eco‐friendly material carbon nitride has found many uses in reactions such as water splitting, CO2 reduction, N2 fixation, and biorefinery, owing to its outstanding photocatalytic activity. However, a narrow light absorption range and fast charge recombination are often encountered in the pristine carbon nitride photocatalytic system, which resulted in unsatisfying photocatalytic activity. To improve the photocatalytic performance of pure carbon nitride in biomass reforming, modification is needed. In this Review, the design and preparation of functional carbon nitride, as well as its photocatalytic properties for the synthesis of hydrogen, biofuels, and chemicals through biomass reforming, are discussed alongside potential avenues for its future development. Urgent reform is needed: Photocatalytic reforming of biomass is highly desired, yet progress in this direction has been limited. The key to achieving these goals is to develop efficient photocatalysts. Carbon nitride has attracted much attention for this purpose. This Review concerns the design and preparation of functional carbon nitride and its photocatalytic properties for the reforming of biomass.
ISSN:1864-5631
1864-564X
DOI:10.1002/cssc.202101173