Core pathway proteins and the molecular basis of planar polarity in the zebrafish gastrula

The planar polarization of cells and subcellular structures is critical for embryonic development. Coordination of this polarity can provide cells a sense of direction in relation to the anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral body axes. Fly epithelia use a core pathway comprised of transmembrane (Van...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Seminars in cell & developmental biology 2022-05, Vol.125, p.17-25
Main Authors: Creighton, Joy H., Jessen, Jason R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Cell Polarity - genetics
Core pathway
Gastrula - metabolism
Gastrulation
Gastrulation - physiology
Intercalation
Migration
Planar polarity
Zebrafish
Zebrafish - metabolism
Zebrafish Proteins - genetics
Zebrafish Proteins - metabolism
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Summary:The planar polarization of cells and subcellular structures is critical for embryonic development. Coordination of this polarity can provide cells a sense of direction in relation to the anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral body axes. Fly epithelia use a core pathway comprised of transmembrane (Van Gogh/Strabismus, Frizzled, and Flamingo/Starry night) and cytoplasmic (Prickle or Spiny-legs, Dishevelled, and Diego) proteins to communicate directional information between cells and thereby promote the uniform orientation of structures such as hairs. In the zebrafish gastrula, planar polarity underlies complex cellular processes, including directed migration and intercalation, that are required to shape the embryo body. Like other vertebrates, the zebrafish genome encodes homologs of each core protein, and it is well-established that polarized gastrula cell behaviors are regulated by some of them. However, it is unknown whether a conserved six-member core protein pathway regulates planar polarity during zebrafish gastrulation. Here, we review our current understanding of core protein function as it relates to two specific examples of planar polarity, the dorsal convergence of lateral gastrula cells and the mediolateral intercalation of midline cells. We consider the hallmarks of fly planar polarity and discuss data regarding asymmetric protein localization and function, and the intercellular communication of polarity information.
ISSN:1084-9521
1096-3634
DOI:10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.09.015