Molecular characterization of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor 2 gene in black rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii, and its expression patterns upon exposure to benzo[a]pyrene, 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin, and β‐naphthoflavone

• Published in: Journal of applied toxicology 2022-04, Vol.42 (4), p.638-650
• Main Author: Woo, Soo Ji
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin; Animals; aryl hydrocarbon receptor; Benzo(a)pyrene - toxicity; benzo[a]pyrene; beta-Naphthoflavone - toxicity; Body Weight; Mammals - genetics; Mammals - metabolism; Perciformes - metabolism; Phylogeny; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - metabolism; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - toxicity; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon - metabolism; RNA, Messenger; S. schlegelii; Xenobiotics; β‐Naphthoflavone
• ISSN: 0260-437X; 1099-1263
• DOI: 10.1002/jat.4245

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand‐activated transcription factor that mediates the toxicity of halogenated and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in vertebrates. Thus, increased knowledge of AhR‐mediated responses to xenobiotics is imperative. Sebastes schlegelii is increasingly being used as a model for studying environmental toxicology; hence, in this study, the presence of AhR2 was evaluated in S. schlegelii. The results showed that the predicted AhR2 amino acid sequence contained regions characteristic of other vertebrate AhRs, including the basic helix–loop–helix and PER–ARNT–SIM domains in the N‐terminal half, but it had minor similarity with other vertebrate AhRs across the C‐terminal half; it did not contain the distinct glutamine‐rich domains found in mammalian AhR2. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that S. schlegelii AhR2 was clustered within the teleost AhR2 branch. Additionally, AhR2 mRNA was detectable in all 11 tissues tested, with the highest mRNA levels in the heart, pyloric ceca, and liver. Furthermore, exposure to the AhR agonists showed that 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD, 1 μg/g body weight) induced a significantly higher increases in AhR2 expression in the gills, liver, kidneys, and spleen in 48 h than benzo[a]pyrene (2 μg/g body weight), and β‐naphthoflavone (50‐μg/g body weight); AhR2 mRNA levels upon TCDD exposure were up‐regulated by 16‐ and 10‐fold in the gills and liver, respectively. These findings indicated that AhR was a highly sensitive receptor against TCDD. Thus, investigating AhR2 expression in the presence of other xenobiotics might offer further information for the elucidation of its crucial role in mediating toxicant metabolism in S. schlegelii. This study was identified aryl hydrocarbon receptor 2 (AhR2) in Sebastes schlegelii and evaluated expression profiles for assessing exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. SsAHR2 contained the basic helix–loop–helix and two PER‐ARNT‐SIM domains in the N‐terminal half, whereas it contained the acidic and P/S/T‐rich domain but no distinct Q‐rich domain in the C‐terminal half. SsAhR2 mRNA levels were high in the heart, pyloric ceca, and liver. TCDD as AhR agonists increased SsAhR2 mRNA expression in the gills, liver, kidney, and spleen.