An appraisal of antigen identification and IgG effector functions driving host immune responses in multiple sclerosis

Increased immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies and oligoclonal bands (OCB) are the most characteristic features of multiple sclerosis (MS), a neuroinflammatory demyelinating disease with neurodegeneration at chronic stages. OCB are shown to be associated with disease activity and brain atrophy. Despite...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Multiple sclerosis and related disorders 2021-11, Vol.56, p.103328-103328, Article 103328
Main Authors: Yu, Xiaoli, Zizzo, Zoe, Kennedy, Peter GE
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigen
Effector function
Humans
IgG
Immunity
Immunoglobulin G
Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS)
Oligoclonal band
Oligoclonal Bands
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Summary:Increased immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies and oligoclonal bands (OCB) are the most characteristic features of multiple sclerosis (MS), a neuroinflammatory demyelinating disease with neurodegeneration at chronic stages. OCB are shown to be associated with disease activity and brain atrophy. Despite intensive research over the last several decades, the antigen specificities of the IgG in MS have remained elusive. We present evidence which supports that intrathecal IgG is not driven by antigen-stimulation, therefore provide reasoning for failed MS antigen identification. Further, the presence of co-deposition of IgG and activated complement products in MS lesions suggest that the IgG effector functions may play a critical role in disease pathogenesis. [Display omitted]
ISSN:2211-0348
2211-0356
DOI:10.1016/j.msard.2021.103328