Targeting the redox imbalance in mitochondria: A novel mode for cancer therapy

Changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels affect many aspects of cell behavior. During carcinogenesis, moderate ROS production modifies gene expression to alter cell function, elevating metabolic activity and ROS. To avoid extreme ROS-activated death, cancer cells increase antioxidative capaci...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Mitochondrion 2022-01, Vol.62, p.50-73
Main Authors: Mani, Shalini, Swargiary, Geeta, Ralph, Stephen J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology
Cancer
Drug Delivery Systems
Humans
Mitochondria
Mitochondria - drug effects
Mitochondria - metabolism
Neoplasms - drug therapy
Oxidants - pharmacology
Oxidants - therapeutic use
Oxidation-Reduction
Oxidative stress
Pro-oxidants
Redox imbalance
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Summary:Changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels affect many aspects of cell behavior. During carcinogenesis, moderate ROS production modifies gene expression to alter cell function, elevating metabolic activity and ROS. To avoid extreme ROS-activated death, cancer cells increase antioxidative capacity, regulating sustained ROS levels that promote growth. Anticancer therapies are exploring inducing supranormal, cytotoxic oxidative stress levels either inhibiting antioxidative capacity or promoting excess ROS to selectively destroy cancer cells, triggering mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis, or ferroptosis. This review exemplifies pro-oxidants (natural/synthetic/repurposed drugs) and their clinical significance as cancer therapies providing revolutionary approaches.
ISSN:1567-7249
1872-8278
DOI:10.1016/j.mito.2021.11.002