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Diagnosis, treatment and maxillofacial rehabilitation in rhinocerebral mucormycosis patient: A case report and review of the literature

Mucormycosis is an aggressive, rare and opportunistic infectious disease, with a high mortality rate. Etiologic agents are filamentous fungi, and infection among humans normally occurs through spore inhalation. A 61-year-old male individual, presenting left eye amaurosis, dark epistaxis, hyperalgesi...

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Published in:Journal de mycologie médicale 2022-03, Vol.32 (1), p.101211-101211, Article 101211
Main Authors: Dos Santos, Rennan Luiz Oliveira, Elchin, Cintia Baena, Guiguer-Pinto, Vítor Ancheschi, Vasconcelos, Dewton de Moraes, Ferreira, Maurício Domingues, Dias, Reinaldo Brito, Sugaya, Norberto Nobuo, Paula, Claudete Rodrigues, Coto, Neide Pena
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Language:English
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Summary:Mucormycosis is an aggressive, rare and opportunistic infectious disease, with a high mortality rate. Etiologic agents are filamentous fungi, and infection among humans normally occurs through spore inhalation. A 61-year-old male individual, presenting left eye amaurosis, dark epistaxis, hyperalgesia and malodor underwent clinical examination, which detected ulcerative lesion and wide bone exposure in the hard palate and alveolar ridge. Direct microbiological examination, microbiological culture and lesion biopsy were performed. Non-septate smooth fungal hyphae forming right angles with each other were observed through the direct microbiological examination. Microbiological culture revealed fast-growing fungal colonies with cottony texture, identified as Rhizopus sp. Histopathological examination exhibited necrosis areas, intense mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate and bulky hyphae, thus concluding the mucormycosis diagnosis. Amphotericin B antifungal therapy and surgical intervention were adopted as treatment. The patient was then rehabilitated with maxillofacial prosthesis, subsequently to the healing of the surgical wound.
ISSN:1156-5233
1773-0449
DOI:10.1016/j.mycmed.2021.101211