Changes in the component sugar and immunostimulating activity of polysaccharides isolated from Dendrobium officinale in the pretreatments

BACKGROUND To isolate polysaccharides with enhanced immunostimulatory activity from Dendrobium officinale, which is used as a herbal medicine in China and Southeast Asia, D. officinale (DO) was pretreated with organic solvents (DOOS) or puffing at 7.5 and 9.0 kgf (7.5DO and 9DO). Hot‐water extracts...

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Published in:Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2022-05, Vol.102 (7), p.3021-3028
Main Authors: Jo, Kyungae, Kim, Singeun, Yu, Kwang‐Won, Chung, Young Bae, Kim, Woo Jung, Suh, Hyung Joo, Kim, Hoon
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Dendrobium - chemistry
Dendrobium officinale
Ethanol
glucomannan
Glucose
Herbal medicine
Immune system
immunostimulating activity
Immunostimulation
Macrophages
Mannose
Molecular weight
Organic solvents
Peyer's patches
physicochemical pretreatment
Plant Extracts - chemistry
polysaccharide
Polysaccharides
Polysaccharides - chemistry
Pretreatment
Saccharides
Solvents
Sugars
Water
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Summary:BACKGROUND To isolate polysaccharides with enhanced immunostimulatory activity from Dendrobium officinale, which is used as a herbal medicine in China and Southeast Asia, D. officinale (DO) was pretreated with organic solvents (DOOS) or puffing at 7.5 and 9.0 kgf (7.5DO and 9DO). Hot‐water extracts (DOOS‐HW, 7.5DO‐HW and 9DO‐HW) were prepared from each pretreated DO, along with non‐pretreated DO, and crude polysaccharides (DO‐CP, DOOS‐CP, 7.5DO‐CP and 9DO‐CP) were fractionated from each hot‐water extract using ethanol (five volumes). RESULTS When their immunostimulatory activities were compared by macrophage stimulation and intestinal immune system modulation via Peyer's patches, DOOS‐CP showed more potent activity than DO‐CP. However, crude polysaccharides fractionated from puffed DO showed significantly lower activity than non‐puffed DO and DOOS. The most active polysaccharide contained 95% or more neutral sugar, and the composition ratio of mannose and glucose was 3.0, whereas the lowest polysaccharide content was 2.0 or less. In addition, DOOS‐CP was a somewhat refined fraction containing a major peak, representing a molecular weight of 250 kDa, despite being a crude polysaccharide. CONCLUSION These results suggest that pretreatment of D. officinale with organic solvents may enhance the immunostimulatory activity of polysaccharides and affect the mannose/glucose ratio of polysaccharides, which plays an important role in immunostimulation. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
ISSN:0022-5142
1097-0010
DOI:10.1002/jsfa.11642