Mechanosensing by Piezo1 and its implications for physiology and various pathologies

ABSTRACT Piezo1 is a mechanosensitive ion channel with essential roles in cardiovascular, lung, urinary, and immune functions. Piezo1 is widely distributed in different tissues in the human body and its specific roles have been identified following a decade of research; however, not all are well und...

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Published in:Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 2022-04, Vol.97 (2), p.604-614
Main Authors: Lai, Austin, Cox, Charles D., Chandra Sekar, Nadia, Thurgood, Peter, Jaworowski, Anthony, Peter, Karlheinz, Baratchi, Sara
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cardiovascular System
Downstream effects
Humans
Ion channels
Ion Channels - metabolism
Mechanical stimuli
mechanoreceptor
mechanosensitive ion channel
mechanotransduction
Mechanotransduction, Cellular - physiology
Physiology
Piezo1
shear stress
Signal Transduction
Structure-function relationships
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Summary:ABSTRACT Piezo1 is a mechanosensitive ion channel with essential roles in cardiovascular, lung, urinary, and immune functions. Piezo1 is widely distributed in different tissues in the human body and its specific roles have been identified following a decade of research; however, not all are well understood. Many structural and functional characteristics of Piezo1 have been discovered and are known to differ greatly from the characteristics of other mechanosensitive ion channels. Understanding the mechanisms by which this ion channel functions may be useful in determining its physiological roles in various organ systems. This review provides insight into the signalling pathways activated by mechanical stimulation of Piezo1 in various organ systems and cell types. We discuss downstream targets of Piezo1 and the overall effects resulting from Piezo1 activation, which may provide insights into potential treatment targets for diseases involving this ion channel.
ISSN:1464-7931
1469-185X
DOI:10.1111/brv.12814