PSMA as a Theranostic Target in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Immunohistochemistry and 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET Using Cyclotron-Produced 68 Ga

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a validated target for molecular diagnostics and targeted radionuclide therapy. Our purpose was to evaluate PSMA expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), and hepatic adenoma (HCA); investigate the genetic pathways in HCC ass...

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Published in:Hepatology communications 2022-05, Vol.6 (5), p.1172-1185
Main Authors: Thompson, Scott M, Suman, Garima, Torbenson, Michael S, Chen, Zong-Ming E, Jondal, Danielle E, Patra, Anurima, Ehman, Eric C, Andrews, James C, Fleming, Chad J, Welch, Brian T, Kurup, Anil N, Roberts, Lewis R, Watt, Kymberly D, Truty, Mark J, Cleary, Sean P, Smoot, Rory L, Heimbach, Julie K, Tran, Nguyen H, Mahipal, Amit, Yin, Jun, Zemla, Tyler, Wang, Chen, Fogarty, Zachary, Jacobson, Mark, Kemp, Bradley J, Venkatesh, Sudhakar K, Johnson, Geoffrey B, Woodrum, David A, Goenka, Ajit H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bile Duct Neoplasms
Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic - metabolism
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - diagnostic imaging
Cyclotrons
Gallium Radioisotopes
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Liver Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging
Male
Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography - methods
Positron-Emission Tomography
Prostatic Neoplasms - metabolism
RNA, Messenger
Theranostic Nanomedicine
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Summary:Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a validated target for molecular diagnostics and targeted radionuclide therapy. Our purpose was to evaluate PSMA expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), and hepatic adenoma (HCA); investigate the genetic pathways in HCC associated with PSMA expression; and evaluate HCC detection rate with Ga-PSMA-11 positron emission tomography (PET). In phase 1, PSMA immunohistochemistry (IHC) on HCC (n = 148), CCA (n = 111), and HCA (n = 78) was scored. In a subset (n = 30), messenger RNA (mRNA) data from the Cancer Genome Atlas HCC RNA sequencing were correlated with PSMA expression. In phase 2, Ga-PSMA-11 PET was prospectively performed in patients with treatment-naïve HCC on a digital PET scanner using cyclotron-produced Ga. Uptake was graded qualitatively and semi-quantitatively using standard metrics. On IHC, PSMA expression was significantly higher in HCC compared with CCA and HCA (P 
ISSN:2471-254X
DOI:10.1002/hep4.1861