CircRNA–miRNA networks in regulating bone disease

• Published in: Journal of cellular physiology 2022-02, Vol.237 (2), p.1225-1244
• Main Authors: Huang, Wei, Wu, Yongyao, Qiao, MingXin, Xie, Zhuojun, Cen, Xiao, Huang, Xinqi, Zhao, Zhihe
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biomedical materials; Bone cancer; Bone diseases; Bone mass; Bone Neoplasms - metabolism; Cartilage; Cartilage (articular); Cartilage diseases; Cartilage, Articular - metabolism; circRNA; Circular RNA; Closed loops; Exonuclease; Gene expression; Gene regulation; Gene Regulatory Networks; Humans; MicroRNAs - genetics; MicroRNAs - metabolism; miRNA; Osteoarthritis; Osteoarthritis - genetics; Osteoarthritis - metabolism; Osteoporosis; Osteosarcoma; Osteosarcoma - genetics; Osteosarcoma - metabolism; Ribonucleic acid; RNA; RNA, Circular - genetics; RNA, Untranslated - metabolism; Sarcoma; Transcription
• ISSN: 0021-9541; 1097-4652
• DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30625

Circular RNA (circRNA) is a class of endogenous noncoding RNA (ncRNA), presenting as a special covalent closed loop without a 5′ cap or 3′ tail, maintaining resistance to RNA exonuclease and keeping high stability. Although lowly expressed in most situations, circRNA makes an active difference in regulating physiological or pathological processes by modulating gene expression by regulation of transcription, protein, and miRNA functions through various mechanisms in particular tissues. Recent studies have demonstrated the roles of the miRNA–circRNA network in the development of several bone diseases such as osteoporosis, a multiple‐mechanism disease resulting from defective bone quality and low bone mass, osteoarthritis, whose main pathomechanism is inflammation and articular cartilage degradation, as well as osteosarcoma, known as one of the most common bone cancers. However, the specific mechanism of how circRNA along with miRNA influences those diseases is not well documented, showing potential for the development of new therapies for those bone diseases. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a class of endogenous noncoding RNA (ncRNA), presenting as a special covalent closed loop without a 5′ cap or 3′ tail, it can regulate bone reconstruction, osteoarthritis, and osteosarcoma through the sponge effect on miRNA.