Primary toxoplasmosis acquired during early pregnancy: Is it currently overestimated?

Toxoplasmosis acquired in early pregnancy is a potentially severe complication for the fetus. Evaluating the risk of transplacental infection in pregnant women accessing the Tuscany Reference Center for Infectious Diseases in Pregnancy during the last 20 years with suspected or confirmed toxoplasmos...

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Published in:European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology 2021-12, Vol.267, p.285-289
Main Authors: Trotta, Michele, Trotta, Alessandra, Spataro, Elisa, Giache, Susanna, Borchi, Beatrice, Zammarchi, Lorenzo, Campolmi, Irene, Galli, Luisa, Pasquini, Lucia
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amniocentesis
Amniotic Fluid
Antibodies, Protozoan
Antibody Affinity
Congenital infection
Female
Humans
IgG avidity
Immunoglobulin G
Infant, Newborn
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - diagnosis
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - epidemiology
Retrospective Studies
Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasmosis - diagnosis
Toxoplasmosis - epidemiology
Vertical transmission
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Summary:Toxoplasmosis acquired in early pregnancy is a potentially severe complication for the fetus. Evaluating the risk of transplacental infection in pregnant women accessing the Tuscany Reference Center for Infectious Diseases in Pregnancy during the last 20 years with suspected or confirmed toxoplasmosis acquired in early pregnancy was the aim of the study. We retrospectively enrolled all pregnant women undergoing amniocentesis for toxoplasmosis acquired in the first 16 gestational weeks in the period 1999–2019, comparing patients with certain acute infection (seroconversion occurred in pregnancy, CAIP) with those with suspected acute infection (IgG positive with low/intermediate IgG avidity index, SAIP). 237 patients were enrolled, 187 (78.9%) with SAIP and 50 (21.1%) with CAIP. Specific IgM was detected in 47.5% and 76.7% (p-value 0.001), and the mean IgG avidity index was 22.7% and 7.1% (p-value 
ISSN:0301-2115
1872-7654
DOI:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.11.019